3. Results and discussion
As explained also in paragraph 2 (experimental part of Section 2), with the use of 6% (w/v) GMS as emulsifier, emulsions were successfully prepared with 5%, 10% and 20% (v/v) of red or white wine in the aqueous phase. In the case of higher wine concentrations, i.e. 50% and 100% (v/v), emulsification of grapeseed oil was achieved neither with the red nor with the white wine. However, by increasing the amount of the emulsifier up to 10% (w/v), emulsions were obtained only when using the red wine. For reasons of comparison among the various emulsions, the results discussed below refer only to the samples with 0–20% (v/v) wine (white or red) in the aqueous phase, and do not include the final two emulsions achieved with higher red wine and GMS concentrations.