(A-t) Mean number of turning and feeding reactions (±SE) of Syngnathoidei to different treatments; (A-c) Paired control observations. TP: diver presence (N = 8), T1: flash (N = 9), T2: manipulation (N = 9),T3: manipulation + flash (N = 8). (B-t) Mean number of movement reactions (±SE) of Hippocampus spp.and Solenostomus spp. to different treatments. (B-c) Paired control observations. Hippocampus: TP (N = 5),T1 (N=5), T2 (N=5), T3 (N=5). Solenostomus: C (N=14), TP (N=3), T1 (N=4), T2 (N=4), T3 (N=3). Significance level of treatments compared to control after Holm-Bonferroni corrections: p < 0.05, *different to Control.