Theoretical Foundations of CognitiveApproaches (2)• Alexander Luria: Cultural-historical psychology– The development is a complex and dynamicrelationships between many factors including thechild’s social and cultural environment(s).– Five stages in an individual’s problem solving process• (1) Discovery of the problem• (2) Investigation of the problem• (3) Selection of an alternative strategy• (4) Attempt to solve the problem• (5) Comparison of results of the solution– When children rehearse the process steps• Overt verbalization of process steps Covert Speech