Within the courtyards at Sanchi, Dharmarajika… were numerous haphazardly placed “votive” stupas. These small stupas generally consisted of two parts, a small drum with a separate capping stone in the form of an anda.Just as proximity to the Buddha during circumambulation was meritorious, burial adjacent to the Buddha was similarly meritorious. In fact, burial would be one step better. Circumambulation had a definable end point, where burial adjacent to a stupa could potentially allow for the accumulation or merit perpetually. p.119inscriptions on votive stupas named people from many occupations, including Buddhist monks and nuns.Taken together, the evidence from donation inscriptions and votive stupa inscriptions suggest that Buddhist monks and nuns were actively engaged in worship at pilgrimage complexes. p.12036