1) The geocell-RS RW exhibited higher seismic performance than geogrid-RS RW and
gravity-type RW from the evaluation of residual displacements and response acceleration of
the wall.
2) For gravity-type RW, the critical acceleration can be determined from the residual
displacement-acceleration curves which are bi-linear clearly. For geogrid-RS RW and
geocell-RS RW, the critical acceleration was determined based on the formation of initial
failure plane. And the value of critical acceleration for geocell-RS RW (768 gal) was larger
than that of geogrid-RS RW (711 gal) and gravity-type RW (434 gal).
3) However, the formation of initial failure plane should be evaluated more precisely from the
image analysis in the future.
4) To evaluation the dynamic stability of different types of retaining walls, not only should be
evaluated the strength of a given retaining wall (i.e. acceleration amplification factor), but also
the stiffness and damping capacity should also be checked.