摘 要观察能力是认知的基本能力，是物理思维的出发点，是学生获取信息的重

摘 要
观察能力是认知的基本能力，是物理思维的出发点，是学生获取信息的重要渠道，更是全面实现物理学科教育教学功能的基础。所以，探索现代教育技术与物理学科整合模式下在物理教学中培养学生的观察能力，是物理课程改革必须面对的问题。
本文是借鉴前人在物理观察能力研究成果的基础上，将对物理观察、物理观察能力及其构成和影响因素、物理观察能力品质等问题作以阐述，并分析了培养物理观察能力在中学物理教学中的重要性。
本文所做的工作和取得的成果如下：
1.确定中学生物理观察能力的定义，分析学生观察心理机制的基础上提出了中学生物理观察能力的结构，建构了评价中学生物理观察能力水平的指标。经过分析确定：物理观察能力是以物理基本知识为基础，在获取新知识、解决问题的过程中，运用视觉、听觉等多种器官感知物理物质、现象、过程，并通过一定的思维加工，对观察对象形成理性认识的过程所必需的个性心理特征。物理观察能力的结构是建立在观察对象、观察方法、观察品质这三者的有机结合。观察品质是衡量学生观察能力水平的标准，构建了以考察学生观察能力的品质为指标的评价体系，即灵活性、敏捷性、独创性、批判性和深刻性。
2.本文通过问卷调查和观察能力水平的测试来了解都安瑶族等少数民族学生的观察现状。从中发现：(1) 在问卷调查中发现大多数学生高估了自己的物理观察能力水平；(2)通过试题测试发现本地高中生物理观察能力的整体水平处于中等水平，而且各个观察品质之间发展并不平衡；(3) 在课堂教学及日常生活活动中，学生没有形成一个良好的系统的观察方法。
3.本文通过详细分析学生的观察现状之后，对培养和提高学生物理观察能力提出相应的策略。然后将所提出的策略应用于实际的物理教学中，经过一个学期的应用后，通过实际测试来检测策略的有效性。根据两次观察能力水平的测试情况，对策略进行进一步完善。

关键词：物理科学，物理教学，观察能力，学生能力

結果 (英文) 1:

SummaryBasic observation ability are cognitive ability, is the starting point for thinking, is the student gets an important source of information, is the full realization of functions of physics teaching. Therefore, modern educational technology and the physics integrating mode in cultivating students ' observing ability in the teaching of physics, is the reform of the physics curriculum must face the problem.This is the former on the basis of observation ability in physics, the observation of physical observation, physical ability and its structure and influencing factors, the physical quality of students ' observation ability to illustrate the problem, and analyzes the significance of developing physical observation ability in physics teaching in middle school.This work and the results achieved are as follows:1. determine the definition of middle school students ' observation ability in physics, students observe the psychological mechanisms on the basis of the structure of middle school students ' observation ability in physics, middle school students in constructing evaluation indicator of level of physical ability. Parsed to determine: observation ability in physics is based on the basic knowledge of physics, in the process of acquiring new knowledge and solving problems, using Visual, auditory and other organs perceive physical substances, phenomena, processes, and, through a process of thinking, to observe the objects required to form a rational process of individual psychological characteristics. Structure is based on the observation of the physical ability to observe, observe, observe the organic combination of quality to them. Observe the standard of quality is a measure of the students ' observation ability level, and build students ' observation ability evaluation system of quality indicators, namely, flexibility, agility, creativity, critical and profound.2. the questionnaire and testing to understand the level of students ' observation ability are all Yao minority students observe the status quo. Find: (1) survey found that most students overestimate their level of physical ability, (2) through the test found the overall level of local senior high school students ' observation ability in physics at a medium level, and observe the quality development is uneven between and (3) in classroom instruction and activities of daily living, the student does not have a good system of observation.3. following adoption of the detailed analysis of students ' observation status, to cultivate and improve students ' ability to observe the corresponding strategies. And the proposed policy applied in the teaching of physics, after a semester of application, through a practical test to detect the policy's effectiveness. According to the observation level of the test, to further improve the policy. Key words: physical science, physics, the observation ability, students ' abilities

結果 (英文) 3:

The ability to observe the ability is the basic ability of cognition. It is the starting point of physical thinking. It is an important channel for students to obtain information. Therefore, it is necessary to develop students' observation ability in Physics Teaching under the integration mode of modern educational technology and physics. This paper is based on previous research results of physical observation ability, will be on the physical observation, physical observation ability and its structure and influence factors, physical observation ability and quality, etc..
The work and achievements of this paper are as follows:
1. determines the definition of middle school students' physical observation ability, and analyzes the structure of the students' ability of observation. After analysis and determination: the physical observation ability is based on the basic knowledge of physics, in the process of acquiring new knowledge and solving problems, using visual, auditory and other organs to perceive physical material, phenomenon, process, and through a certain thinking process, to observe the formation of physical and psychological characteristics of the personality.The physical observation ability of the structure is established in the observation object, observation method, observe the quality of the organic combination of the three. Observation quality is the standard to measure the level of students' ability to observe, to construct the evaluation system of the quality of students' observation ability, that is, flexibility, agility, originality, critical and profound.
2. through the questionnaire survey and observation ability test to understand the status quo and observation of Du'an Yao Minority students. From the findings: (1) in the questionnaire survey found that most students overestimate their physical ability level;(2) the overall level of the local high school students' physical observation ability is in the medium level, and there is no good system. (3) in the classroom teaching and daily life.
3. through the analysis of the students' observation, the paper puts forward the corresponding strategies to develop and improve students' ability of observation. The proposed method is applied to the actual physical teaching. After a term's application, the effectiveness of the proposed method is tested by the actual test. According to the test situation of the two observation ability level,To further improve the strategy.

key words: physical science, physics teaching, observation ability, students ability