AbstractBACKGROUND—Low balance confidence is a major health problem among older adultsrestricting their participation in daily life.OBJECTIVES—To determine what interventions are most effective in increasing balanceconfidence in older adults.DESIGN—Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials including atleast one continuous endpoint of balance confidence. Studies including adults 60 years or olderwithout a neurological condition, were included in our study.METHODS—The standardized mean difference (SMD) of continuous endpoints of balanceconfidence was calculated to estimate the pooled effect size with random-effect models.Methodological quality of trials was assessed using the Physical Therapy Evidence Database(PEDro) Scale.RESULTS—30 studies were included in this review and a meta-analysis was conducted for 24studies. Interventions were pooled into Exercise (N=9 trials, 453 subjects), Tai Chi (N=5 trials,468 subjects), Multifactorial intervention (N=10 trials, 1233 subjects). Low significant effectswere found for Exercise and Multifactoral interventions (SMD 0.22–0.31) and medium (SMD0.48) significant effects were found for Tai Chi.