3.2.4 SETTLEMENTSettlement containe

3.2.4 SETTLEMENT
Settlement containers consisted of 2 L white plastic containers with mesh sides (80 μm) to allow for water circulation. Larvae in replicate jars were pooled to remove variation between jars and then divided into three replicate containers per copper level and timing of exposure, and 12 control replicates. Initial larval density was measured in pooled jars. Containers were placed into large plastic trays (ten randomly assigned containers per tray) filled with FSW and oxygenated with two airlines per tray. Trays were placed in a flowing seawater bath to maintain a near constant temperature similar to the temperature during larval development. Each settlement container was inoculated with benthic diatoms (mixed species) eight days prior to settlement to provide a settlement cue and food for young settlers (Xing et al. 2007). Complete water renewals were done three times per week. Temperature was measured daily while pH and dissolved oxygen were measured weekly in trays. All measures were constant across trays. All treatments except those from the High copper level were placed in settlement containers after 28 d of larval development.Larvae in High copper treatments, both Early and Late exposure groups, appeared to be delayed and were therefore given five additional days (33 d post-fertilisation) to achieve similar development as the other treatments (i.e. > 75% of normal larvae being at the 8-armed stage) before being transferred to the settlement containers. Time post-settlement was counted from the first day that larvae were placed in settlement containers. Larvae were given eight days to settle after which any remaining larvae were removed from the containers.
Settler density was measured by counting the total number of settlers per container under a dissecting microscope at 8 and 25 d post-settlement. The first 20 settlers encountered were photographed under a dissecting microscope (25x magnification).Body diameter (radial length) and the length of three spines were measured using the software ImageJ. Benthic diatom cover was recorded qualitatively as low, medium or dense at 25 d and 40 d post-settlement to ensure food was not a limiting factor

結果 (中文) 1:

3.2.4 结算解决容器包括 2 L 白色塑料容器用网格面 (80 μ m)，以便水循环。幼虫在复制罐子被汇集起来，移除罐子之间的差异，然后分为三个复制货柜每铜水平和时间的曝光和 12 控制复制。初始的幼虫密度测量在汇集的罐子里。容器，放入大塑料托盘 （随机分配每托盘上的十个货柜） 充满了搅拌摩擦焊及氧与两间航空公司每托盘。托盘被放置在流动的海水浴恒温近相似的温度在幼体发育过程中。每个结算容器接种了底栖硅藻 （混交树种） 八天之前解决提供解决提示和食物为年轻的定居者 （兴等人，2007年）。三次，每周进行了完整的水续费。温度测量日报 ph 值、 溶解的氧测定每周在托盘中。所有措施不断都在托盘。除了那些从高铜水平的所有治疗被都放置在解决集装箱后 28 d 的幼体发育。幼虫在高铜处理，都早及晚暴露组，似乎被延迟，因此给了五个额外天时间 （33 d 后受精） 在被转移到结算容器之前实现类似发展作为其他治疗方法 （即正常幼虫在 8 武装现阶段的 > 75%)。后结算的时候，是从幼虫被安置在解决容器的第一天计算。幼虫有八天来定居后，任何剩余的幼虫从容器。定居者密度测定计数的每个集装箱在 8 和 25 d 后解决在解剖显微镜下定居者总数。在解剖显微镜下 （25 x 放大） 拍摄到了遇到的第一次 20 定居者。采用软件 ImageJ 测量身体 （径向长度） 的直径和长度三刺。底栖硅藻封面录定性为低、 中或密集在 25 d 和 40 d 后结算，以确保食物时是不是一个限制因素

結果 (中文) 2:

3.2.4沉降
沉降容器包括2升白色塑料容器网眼侧（80微米）以允许水循环。幼虫在复制罐子合并以除去罐子之间的变化量，然后分成每个铜电平与曝光的定时三次重复的容器，和12控制重复。最初的幼虫密度在汇集罐测量。容器放入大塑料托盘（每盘10随机分配的容器）装满FSW和每盘两家航空公司充氧。盘被放置在流动的海水浴中以维持类似于幼虫发育过程中的温度接近恒温。每个集装箱结算与清算前八天底栖硅藻（混种）接种，以提供解决提示和食品的年轻定居者（兴等，2007）。完整的水续展做每周三次。而pH值和溶解的氧测量在托盘每周温度每天测量。所有的措施在整个托盘不变。除了 ​​那些从高铜含量所有处理被放置在容器定居后，高铜处理幼虫development.Larvae的28天，早，晚暴露组两者似乎被推迟，因此被赋予另外五个工作日（33ð后受精）来实现类似的发展作为其他处理（即>被传递到结算容器之前正常幼虫是在8武装阶段）的75％。时间结算后从第一天幼虫放置在容器中沉降计算。幼虫给予八天沉降后任何剩余的幼虫从容器中除去。
沉降密度通过在8和25 D后解决在解剖显微镜下计数每容器定居的总数进行测定。遇到在解剖显微镜（25倍放大率）。体直径（径向长度）和三刺的长度下进行拍摄的第一20定居者使用软件ImageJ的测量。底栖硅藻盖被记录定性为低，中，密集在25 D和40 d时后结算，以确保食物是不是限制因素

結果 (中文) 3:

3.2.4沉降沉降容器包括2个网孔的白色塑料容器，网面（80μm）允许水循环。在复制罐中的幼虫汇集，以消除罐之间的变化，然后分为三个重复的容器每铜的水平和曝光时间，和12个控制复制。初始幼虫密度测定池罐。容器被放置在大的塑料托盘（十随机分配容器每托盘）充满了FSW和含氧每盘两家航空公司。托盘被放置在流动的海水浴中保持一个接近恒定的温度在幼虫发育过程中的温度相似。每一个结算容器接种与底栖硅藻（混合物种）前八天结算提供一个结算线索和食物的年轻定居者（邢等）。2007）。完整的水更新了每周三次。测定了每日的温度，而PH值和溶解氧在托盘中每周测量。所有的措施是恒定的跨托盘。除了那些从高铜水平处理均放置在沉降容器28 d后的幼虫发育。在高铜处理幼虫，早期和晚期暴露组，似乎被推迟，因此，额外的五天（33天受精后）来实现类似的发展为其他治疗（如> 75%正常的幼虫在8-armed阶段）之前被转移到处理容器。从第一天算起，幼虫被安置在沉降容器中。给予八天的时间，以解决任何剩余的幼虫被从容器中取出。通过计算每个集装箱总数的定居者在解剖显微镜下在8和25 d后的沉降观测沉降密度。第一20人遇到拍摄在解剖显微镜（25X放大）。体直径（半径）和三棘长度分别使用软件ImageJ测量。底栖硅藻盖定性为低，中等或密集，在25天和40天结算，以确保食品不是一个限制因素