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(c)
Photo 1 (a
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c): Showing the concept of the Malay community garden at the northern zone, Kg. Sg. Bunus, Balik Pulau, Penang. (Source: Author, 2013)
(a) (b)
Photo 2 (a
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b): Showing the concept of the Malay community garden in the middle zone, Telaga Tujuh, Kg. Repoh, Batu Kurau, Perak. (Source: Author, 2013)
(a)
(b) Photo 3 (a
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b): Showing the concept of the Malay community garden in the southern zone, Batu 20, Jln. Jasin, Kg. Terentang, Melaka. (Source: Author, 2013)
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Photo 4: Showing the concept of the Malay community garden in the eastern zone, Kg. Tanjung Gahai, Kuala Lipis, Pahang. (Source: Author, 2013)
4. Findings
The Malay garden concept is a research initiative in creating a garden and landscape design concept exclusive to the Malays in Peninsular Malaysia. Traditional Malay people develop their own garden to meet harmony with the environment, including the concept, activities and functions. The functions and design of the interior Malay house are tolerant toward the external spaces. The data shown below are the elements of the landscape and garden that will form the basis of The Malay garden design model (Table 1). From the old Malay manuscripts, types of plants divided into four main categories based on their functions and values; aesthetic value, herb and food plants, fruit plants and big trees or hardwood trees. The studies found 98 species of plants in aesthetic purposes category, 130 species of herb and food purposes category, 68 species of fruit trees and 51 species of big trees (hardwood trees) category were mentioned in old Malay manuscripts. Table 2 listed the seven most often cited plant species in the old Malay manuscripts.
Table 1. List of landscape furniture observed by the author and recorded in the research papers done by researchers in the past about the Malay garden in the Malay Archipelago. No. Local Name (as be called by local people) English name 1. Ampaian Suspension 2. Bangsal / Sulap Barn 3. Buaian Tree swings 4. Gerbang Arch 5. Guri Guri 6. Jamban / Tandas Latrine 7. Jamung andang / Kandil Torch 8. Kepok padi / Jelapang Paddy store 9. Kolah Water tank 10. Kolam Pond 11. Pagar Fence 12. Pangkin Resting hut 13. Pasu bunga Flower pot 14. Planter Open timber platform 15. Perigi Well 16. Perun Dump site 17. Reban Hen coop 18. Tempayan Water vessel 19. Titi Log bridge 20. Wakaf Gazebo (Source: Ahmad Zamil Zakaria, Ismail Hafiz Salleh, Mohd Sabrizaa Abdul Rashid, 2012