A suicide vector is one that will kill a host cell only if it does not have an inserted sequence. Typically, the cloning region is within the suicide gene. If the plasmid has not successfully taken up an insert, ie recircularised, the gene is expressed and the cell dies. If, on the other hand, a gene is ligated in, the suicide gene is interrupted and the cell lives. It is, therefore, a way to reduce background.
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