CONCLUSIONHigh school athletes in this study specialized at an earlier age than current collegiate or professional athletes surveyed. These HS athletes also recalled a higher incidence of sports- related injury that they attributed to specialization. Additionally, current professional athletes specialized to a single sport at a lower frequency and at an older age than current HS athletes, suggesting that early single-sport specialization may not be related to professional advancement. Continued research is necessary in order to establish evidence-based strategies that will optimize the sport experience for youth athletes while minimizing sport-related injury.