CP-Atypical Movement Patterns in Cerebral Palsy• Poor postural alignment stability result from the CNS’s decreasedability to control co-activation and reciprocal innervation (交互神經支配)of select muscle groups.– 交互神經支配: 當支配一肌肉的運動神經元受到傳入的衝動興奮時,而支配其 拮抗肌的運動神經元也同時受到這衝動抑制。• Children who have CP may develop abnormal movement competencies and body postures as they try to overcome these motor deficits to function within their environments.• Abnormal muscle tone– Muscle tone is the force that with which muscle resist being lengthened; it can be defined as muscle’s resting stiffness– Muscle tone can be tested by passive stretch of the muscle from the shortened to the lengthened state as the therapist feels the resistance of the muscle.– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rwtt4KkOeeA– Decreased muscle tone or hypotonia can make a child appear relaxed and even floppy.– Increased muscle tone or hypertonia can make a child appear stiff or rigid.