Because the aim of this study was to understand which benefit (self vs.other) consumers were likely to associate with VASP foods, the twoconditions of VASP (“upcycled” VASP and “reprocessed” VASP) werecompared separately to conditions involving conventional and organicfoods (Table 2 for cell means). Comparing the two descriptors forVASP foods (Upcycled and Reprocessed) to organic and conventionalfoods on benefit attribution will highlight an appropriate productlabel‐benefit attribute association for such foods.“Upcycled” VASP foods: Planned contrasts revealed thatparticipants perceived this category descriptor to be associated with significantly more other‐benefits than conventional foods, t(73) = −5.37,p = .00. However, the other‐benefits were not different than those fororganic foods, t(72) = −1.65, p > .10. In terms of self‐benefits, “Upcycled”foods provided significantly higher self‐benefits than conventional,t(73) = −2.03, p = .04, but not organic foods, t(72) = 0.85, p > .30.“Reprocessed” VASP foods: Planned contrasts revealed thatreprocessed as a category descriptor for VASP foods providedsignificantly higher other‐benefits compared to conventional foods,t(71) = −3.56, p < .01, but not compared to organic foods,t(70) = 0.22, p > .82. Further, unlike the “Upcycled” VASP foods,“Reprocessed” VASP foods were perceived to offer significantly lowerself‐benefits than organic foods, t(70) = 2.33, p = .02, but not conventional foods, t(71) = −0.87, p > .38. More interestingly, “Reprocessed”VASP foods provided inferior other‐benefits than “Upcycled” VASPfoods, t(72) = 1.91, p = .059, with differences between these twodescriptors being nonsignificant for self‐benefits, t(72) = 1.28, p > .20.These findings suggest that irrespective of the two product labelsused in this study, participants perceived greater other benefits forVASP foods than conventional foods. The results also shed light onwhich label for VASP foods may be more appropriate to accentuatethe benefits that such foods provide. Participants perceived greaterbenefits to others when these foods were labeled as “upcycled” ratherthan “reprocessed.” However, no significant differences wereobserved between these two product labels in terms of benefits tooneself. Notably, participants' perceptions of “upcycled” VASP foodswere similar to those observed in Study 1 with VASP foods being perceived significantly different than conventional foods but akin toorganic foods. Conversely, “reprocessed” VASP foods were perceivedto be similar to conventional foods in terms of self‐benefits. Hence,it could be argued that, to brand VASP foods as a new category offoods, benefits to the society could be highlighted and “upcycled”may be a more appropriate product label to accompany such products.