Limited information has become available recently concerning the trophic transfer of ENPs within terrestrial food chains (Judy et al., 2011, Unrine et al., 2012, Koo et al., 2015, Hawthorne et al., 2014, De La Torre-Roche et al., 2015). To date, the data have been somewhat contradictory, with select studies suggesting transfer and biomagnification and others not. In our laboratory, the uptake of CeO2 from soil by zucchini and subsequent transfer to crickets and wolf spiders was found to be particle size dependent (ENP greater than bulk). However, no such particle size dependence was observed for bulk and NP La2O3 accumulation and transfer from soil to lettuce, crickets, and mantids (Hawthorne et al., 2014, De La Torre-Roche et al., 2015). Clearly much work remains to be done, with a focus on soil-based long term, low dose studies where receptor response along the food chain is monitored through the use a range of sensitive endpoints.