1. Metal (bronze bells): t’ukchong, p’yonjong;2. Stone (jade chimes): p’yonjong, t’ukchong;3. Silk (zithers with strings of twisted silk) : Kum, sul4. Bamboo (flutes): chi, yak, chok, so;5. Gourd (mouth organ, the wind chamber of which was at one time made of gourd): saenghwang6. Earth (globular flute): hun, and (struck pot): pu;7. Leather (drums): cholgo, chingo, nogo, nodo; and8. Wood (struck and scraped idiophone): ch’uk, o.