Nineteen E. coli UTI pathogens (indicated in Table 1) displaying resistance to ciprofloxacin, grepafloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin and sparfloxacin were selected for study from a private medical pathology laboratory collection in Durban, South Africa. Addition- ally, isolates displayed resistance to ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, piperacillin and nalidixic acid by disc diffusion testing according to NCCLS guidelines. 7 Ciprofloxacin MICs were determined using the Etest according to the manufacturer’s instructions (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden