Goldstein et al. (2014) found that floating plastics are the carrier of the invasive coral pathogen Halofolliculina spp. in the North Pacific Sea. Kirstein et al. (2016) discovered Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria on MP from the North Sea and Baltic Seas. Aeromonas salmonicida, one of Europe’s most harmful invasive bacteria, has been identified as proliferating on MPs in the Adriatic Sea and infecting several fish and catfishes in that region . The genus Acropora had the highest prevalence of contact with debris (8.23 %), followed by Montipora (4.63 %), due to their intricate growth forms . MPs will be a constant stressor on coral reefs because hermatypic corals lack adaptation responses including feeding, avoidance, and defence mechanisms that mitigate the impacts of long-term MP exposure. Chen et al. (2022) revealed that MPs are extremely harmful to corals, with a median benchmark concentration of 20 to 40 mg/L compromising coral health by 10 % and a mean growth inhibition rate of 2 % per day. But recent studies proved that MP ingestion does not cause significant negative impacts on corals, because they can egest MPs over a few hours (Table 3) .