2.2. Rainwater collection gutters T

2.2. Rainwater collection gutters The basic requirement for rainwater collection gutters is that they have sufcient ow capacity to accommo- date ows from the design storm. In a gutter, the water surface prole will slope towards the outlet, and it is the difference in hydrostatic pressure along the gutter that gives the incoming water the required momentum to ow towards the outlet [4]. Key to ensuring whether or not collection gutters have sufcient capacity are the conditions that occur at the gutter outlets. As well as affecting the ow rates entering the drainage system pipework, the outlet depths also affect the upstream gutter depths (via the water surface prole). Hence, although the depth at a gutter outlet may not cause any particular problems, the higher depths occurring at the upstream end of the gutter may result in overtopping. Extensive experimental studies in the 1980s determined that the ow conditions in the vicinity of a gutter outlet in a conventional roof drainage system could be categorised as being either ‘weir’ type or ‘orice’ type, depending on the depth of water relative to the size of the outlet [5]. In siphonic systems, the outlets are designed to become submerged in order to allow full-bore ow conditions to develop and be sustained. If this is the case, the outlet depth is dependent upon the downstream conditions within the connected pipework as well as the gutter inows. Previous experimental work [4] has indicated that limited siphonic action may also occur for a short distance below the outlet in conventional roof drainage systems incorporating standard gutters. In this respect, and throughout the remainder of this text, the term ‘standard gutters’ refers to those which are readily

結果 (中文) 1:

2.2。雨水集蓄雨水收集槽沟的基本要求是，他们有足够的能力自己填入日期OWS从设计风暴。在水槽，水表面的子女将坡向出口，并在静水压力沿给进来的水所需的动量流向出口[ 4天沟差]。关键在于是否有足够的能力集水槽是发生在排水沟出口条件。以及影响OW率进入排水系统的管道，出水深度也会影响上游沟深度（通过水的表面形貌）。因此，尽管在一个排水沟出口的深度可能不会引起任何特别的问题，发生在贫民区的上游端较高的深度可能会导致漫坝。在20世纪80年代以来，大量的实验研究，确定在一个传统的屋面排水系统的排水沟出口附近的流条件可以被归类为“堰”型或“价格”的类型，这取决于水的深度相对于出口[ 5 ]的大小。在虹吸系统，出口设计成潜为了让全口径流条件的发展和持续。如果是这样的情况下，出水的深度依赖于下游的条件，在连接管道和排水沟的领土。以前的实验工作[ 4 ]表明，有限的虹吸作用也可能发生在传统的屋面排水系统纳入标准排水沟出口下方的短距离。在这方面，在剩下的这段文字，“标准水槽”是指那些容易

結果 (中文) 2:

2.2.雨水收集天沟的基本要求为雨水收集天沟是他们有 sufcient ow 能力到 accommo 日期 ows 从设计风暴。在装订线，水表面穷人将边坡朝电源插座，并在静水压力沿赋予了传入水到所需的势头 ow 朝 [4] 插座的装订线的区别是它。确保无论收集天沟有 sufcient 能力的关键就是发生在装订线零售商的条件。以及影响 ow 进入排水系统管道的价格，插座深度也会影响上游天沟深度 （通过水表面穷人）。因此，尽管在装订线插座深度不可能导致任何特别的问题，更高的深度在上游结束了装订线的发生可能会导致溢水。20 世纪 80 年代的广泛实验研究确定，ow 在常规的屋顶排水系统中的装订线插座附近的条件可以被归入被 '堰' 类型或 '订货' 类型，根据 [5] 插座的大小水的深度。在虹吸系统中，零售商旨在成为淹没，使全内径 ow 的条件和持续的发展。如果出现这种情况，电源插座深度是取决于连接的管道以及装订线 inows 范围内的下游条件。以前的实验工作 [4] 表明有限的虹吸式行动也可能会出现在一个短的距离低于电源插座在常规的屋顶排水系统纳入标准天沟。在这方面，和整个此文本的其余部分，'标准天沟' 一词是指那些容易