Hydraforce Valve Controllers. The H

Hydraforce Valve Controllers. The Hydraforce valve controllers output a pulse width
modulated (PWM) signal with amplitude of 20V. The duty cycle of the PWM signal is proportional
to the reference voltage. Control parameters such as the output signal’s ramp time as well as dither
frequency and dither amplitude are adjusted directly on the controller with a potentiometer [12].
Care must be taken in adjusting these gains. Incorrect gains can add adverse dynamics to the
hydraulic system that may cause ringing or instability [22].
Vision system. The excavator is equipped with three CCD video cameras. The first camera,
located on the pan/tilt//zoom drive, is the main camera. The focal length of this camera can be
changed, but it is currently set to 7mm. The field of view extends past the bucket, while providing
vision information closer to the tracks.
The second camera is a wide-angle camera that can be manually positioned and locked into
place. This camera is normally positioned downward enabling the operator to visualize the
orientation of the cab with respect to the tracks. This is important, because the excavator bucket can
strike the tracks if brought too close. The excavator is less stable in operation where the boom is
perpendicular to the tracks and, driving the tracks requires the operator to identify their location
with respect to the cab. The final camera faces the rear of the excavator, aiding in backing up as
well as gaining a reference of where the excavator is located on the dig site.

結果 (中文) 1:

海德福斯阀门控制器。海德福斯阀门控制器输出脉冲宽度20V 振幅调制 (PWM) 信号。PWM 信号的占空比成正比参考电压。如输出信号斜坡时间以及抖动控制参数频率和抖动幅度调整，直接在控制器上与电位器 [12]。在调整这些收益，必须谨慎小心。不正确的收益可以添加到不良动力学可能会导致耳鸣的液压系统或不稳定 [22]。视觉系统。挖掘机配备三个 CCD 摄像机。第一架照相机，位于潘/倾斜 / / 缩放驱动器上，是主要的相机。这台相机的焦距可以改变了，但它当前设置为 7 毫米。视野延伸过去斗，同时提供视觉信息更接近到铁轨。第二个镜头是广角相机，可以手动定位并陷入地方。这架相机通常位于向下使操作员对可视化关于轨道驾驶室的方向。这很重要，因为挖掘机铲斗可以罢工轨道，如果太近了。挖掘机是在运行中不稳定繁荣在哪里垂直于轨道和驾驶轨道要求操作者确定他们的位置在驾驶室。最后相机面临后部的挖掘机，协助作为备份以及获得在哪里参考挖掘机坐落在考古挖掘现场。

結果 (中文) 3:

海德福斯阀门控制器。海德福斯阀门控制器的输出脉冲宽度调制（PWM）振幅20V的信号，PWM信号的占空比成正比参考电压。控制参数如输出信号的上升时间以及抖动频率和幅值抖动对电位器[ 12 ]控制器直接调整。必须注意调整这些收益。不正确的收益可以增加不利的动态液压系统，可能会引起响或不稳定[ 22 ]。视觉系统。挖掘机装有三个CCD摄像机。第一相机，位于盘/倾斜/ /变焦驱动，是主要的相机。这架照相机的焦距可以是改变，但目前7mm。视野延伸过去的桶，同时提供视觉信息更接近轨道。二是一个广角相机，可以手动定位和锁定的地方。这架相机是正常定位，使操作员能够可视化驾驶室与轨道的方向。这很重要，因为挖掘机的桶可以罢工的轨道，如果带来太接近。挖掘机的运行不太稳定，繁荣的地方是垂直于轨道和，驾驶的轨道需要操作员确定其位置关于驾驶室。最后的相机面对的是挖掘机的后部，帮助在后面的以及获得一个参考的挖掘机所在的挖掘地点。