In previous centuries, many human-caused and natural problems accumulated along the fluvial corridor of the Adige River. Serious damage has caused continuous deterioration of the environmental characteristics in the basin. Point and non-point pollution of surface waters and groundwater, loss of the autochthonous riparian vegetation, excavations in the river-bed and on the banks, river canalization, and flow diversions were not compatible with maintaining minimum vital flows, and the mitigation of flood risk, geo-morphological instability and landslides (Braioni and Ruffo, 1986).