Here is why.Each door has a probability of 1/3 of containing the car.Supposing that the car was indeed behind door 1.The host can open either door 2 or door 3,each with a probability of 1/2.The total probability of the car being behind door 1 and the host opening door 2 or door 3 is 1/3*1/2+1/3*1/2=1/3.In this case,if you swap you will lose.Now,if the car was behind door 2,the host can only open door 3 because if he opens door 2 he will reveal the car.The total probability of the car being behind door 2 and the host opening door 3 is therefore 1×1/3.In this case,if you swap you will win.The same argument holds if the car was behind door 3.There is therefore a 2/3 chance that you will win if you swap and a 1/3 chance that you will lose.To put it mathematically,if the probability of the car being behind door 2 is P(C=2),the probability of you selecting door 1 is P(S=1),the probability of the host opening door 3 is P(H=3).Here again,the original sample space is {1/3,2/3},the probability of winning or losing.The host did not open a door at random.He opened a door knowing that it is not the one you picked and that it does not contain the prize,so the original sample space remains unchanged.