The violence of the Cold War allowed us see the deep history of Amazonia , exposing the traces of an unknown deep past. While we look at and learn from it, we may conclude that humans have been shaping the natural history of the Earth since long before the "Anthropocenic turn, " albeit towards radically different directions. Amazonia's deep geochronology enables us to frame Cold War ecocides and genocides as an important chapter of the historical process by which geo-power-through violence, destruction, and death-came to produce a completely new natural terrain . And this is perhaps the crucial paradox that the Anthropocene has brought to light: different regimes of power will produce different natures, for nature is not natural-it is the product of cultivation and , most often , conflict.