In plasmid‐mediated resistance, the qnr gene (4,5,16)is passed from one bacteria to another by horizontal transfer, increasing mutation frequency and thus the likelihood of increased resistance (18). Plasmid‐mediated quinolone resistance is related to the presence of structures called integrons, which are mobile DNA elements made up of two conserved segments which flank a central region containing a fragment(‘cassette’)that codes for antibiotic resistance and may play an important role in the acquisition and spread of antibiotic resistance genes.The qnrgeneisalso found within an integron (16). In Gram‐ negative bacteria, class1 integrons are predominant(4