The observed concordance of allozyme and mtDNA variation across two diverged population assemblages in C. lusitanica brings up again the question of their taxonomic status. We described morphological differentiation for the two groups here recognized (Alexandrino et al,submitted). Any taxonomic revision should not only rely on patterns of variation concordant across the population assemblages, but also assess the level of gene flow in the putative secondary contact zone. This requires a fine scale genetic study of this area, for example through the use of highly variable nuclear markers such as microsatellites. Such data along with information on ecologicalcohesiveness (sensu Crandall et al, 2000) would also provide guidance on how these two groups of C. lusitanica should be managed for conservation.