insight or having made some important discovery.26 Delusions of grandiose or grandeur is the belief that he has an advantage and strength as well as being an important person.Thought Disorders. Loose assosiations and shifting of thoughts. Juxtaposition of sentences and thoughts that don‟t belong together. (some believe this symptom is the result of the attentional defects mentioned above.)Hallucinations. Hearing, seeing, feeling, and smelling something that is not there. Most common are auditory hallucinations (noises or voices from outside the person). Auditory hallucination is refers to the perception of non-existent sounds. In schizophrenia, patients often hear voices talking to them but the hallucinations may also take the form of whistling or hissing, for example. The voices may be saying complimentary, critical or neutral words to them.27False perception about seeing is form of visual hallucination. Visual hallucination is a person sees something that does not exist or sees something that does not exist but sees it incorrectly. Several conditions can cause visual hallucinations including dementia, migraines and drug or alcohol addiction.28Disturbed Affect. Affect (affect refers to emotional response) isinappropriate, e.g., laughing at the sad or crying at the happy, or doing either with no apparent provocation. Or showing little emotion (the terms here are blunting or flattening of affect, meaning that the normal “edge” we all put on certain