The single-factor and multifactor productivity measures complement each other.Suppose that a manufacturer purchases machines to replace workers, so that labour input decreases while capital input increases. If the reduced labour cost equals the increased capital cost and the total output remains constant, then labour productivity increases and capital productivity decreases, although there is no change at all in overall efficiency. If the manufacturer depends on single-factor productivity measures, he (or she) can detect actual changes in input elements but may become confused owing to the contradictory results with regard to manufacturing performance. On the other hand, using multifactor productivity measures can resolve the contradictory result but fail to portray the actual input changes.