The present meta-analytic review extends the work of Hofmann and Smits (2008) and other previous meta-analyses in several impor- tant ways. For one, the present study included sufficient studies with follow-up data to examine whether gains during CBT were main- tained after treatment concluded. Results showed follow-up effect size sequivalent to post treatment for disorder-specific symptoms,anx- iety, and depression. This maintenance of gains in response to CBT compared to placebo is of great importance given that the goal of psy-chological treatment is not just to provide immediate relief of symp- toms, but to produce long-lasting change in patients’ lives. This finding is also important because meta-analyses relying on waitlist controlled trials are not able to examine controlled followed-up data, since treat- ment cannot be ethically with held past the active treatment period for patients assigned to a waitlist.