The bicoid mRNAs are located in the

The bicoid mRNAs are located in the anterior portion of the unfertilized egg, and are tethered to the anterior microtubules. The nanos messages are bound to the cytoskeleton in the
posterior region of the unfertilized egg. The hunchback and caudal mRNAs are distributed throughout the oocyte. Upon fertilization, these mRNAs can be translated into proteins. At the

anterior pole, the bicoid RNA is translated into Bicoid protein, which forms a gradient highest at the anterior. At the posterior pole, the nanos message is translated into Nanos protein, which forms a gradient highest at the posterior. Bicoid protein inhibits the translation of the caudal RNA, allowing Caudal protein to be synthesized only in the posterior of the cell. Conversely, Nanos protein, in conjunction with Pumilio protein, binds to hunchback RNA, preventing its translation in the posterior portion of the embryo. Bicoid also elevates the level of Hunchback protein in the anterior of the embryo by binding to the enhancers of the hunchback gene and stimulating its transcription. The result of these interactions is the creation of four protein gradients in the early embryo (Figure 9.11):

結果 (中文) 1:

Bicoid 基因位于前部的未受精的卵子，并且拴在前部的微管。Nano 消息被绑定到在骨架后区的未受精的卵子。驼背和尾 mRNAs 广泛分布于卵母细胞。在施肥，这些基因可以转译成蛋白质。在前极，bicoid RNA 翻译成 Bicoid 蛋白，形成梯度最高，在前。在后极，nano 消息是被翻译成 Nano 蛋白质，后部形成梯度最高。Bicoid 蛋白抑制尾 RNA，允许尾蛋白质合成只在该单元格的外侧的翻译。相反，Nano，蛙蛋白结合蛋白与驼背 RNA，防止其翻译中胚胎的后部。Bicoid 也将提升驼背蛋白中的胚胎所绑定到的驼背基因促进剂和刺激其转录前水平。这些交互作用的结果是创造四个蛋白梯度在胚胎发育的早期 (图 9.11):

結果 (中文) 3:

bicoid mRNA位于前部的受精卵，并拴在前微管。纳米信息会在未受精的卵子的
后区的骨架。驼背和尾基因分布在卵母细胞。受精后，这些基因可以被翻译成蛋白质。在“”，bicoid RNA翻译成蛋白质家族，形成一个梯度最高的前。在后极部，纳米信息转化为纳米蛋白，形成梯度最高在后。Bicoid蛋白抑制尾RNA翻译，使尾蛋白只能在细胞后合成。相反，nanos蛋白，在表达蛋白结合，结合到RNA预防驼背，后胚胎的部分翻译。Bicoid也升高前的胚胎的驼子蛋白通过结合驼背基因的增强子和刺激其转录。这些相互作用的结果是在早期胚胎（图9.11）中的四个蛋白质梯度的创建：