100:00:02,090 --> 00:00:05,870When

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When you capture a digital photograph, you don't really need to worry about

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whether the image is backwards. Unless you flip it, it's going to appear

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in the correct orientation. But with an analog image you don't have

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that assurance. It's very easy to print an image

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backwards, for example, or to have a copy inverted in some way.

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And so whenever possible it can be a good idea to look for clues that might

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indicate that an image needs to be flipped.

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For example, with this photo, we can see that there was some writing, probably on

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the original print or perhaps on the glass plate, and that indicates 435, but

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it's written backwards. Immediately, you might assume that the

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image needs to be flipped and you'd actually be correct in this case, but its

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a very good idea not to jump to that conclusion.

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Because you don't necessarily know on which side of the image that writing was written.

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For example, on the glass plate it could've been written on the back of the

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image and simply be showing through. For this image, fortunately, we have

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another very obvious clue that lets us know the image in indeed backwards.

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If you look at the tent in the background here, you'll see US for United States,

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and that is backwards. So obviously we do need to flip this

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image horizontally, so that that will appear correct.

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But again, keep in mind that just because you see some writing on the image doesn't

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automatically indicate the proper orientation for that photo.

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So in this case we do know that we want to flip the image horizontally, and

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that calls for one of the Transform commands.

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But we're not able to apply the Transform commands to a locked Background Image layer.

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And so I'm going to start off by creating a copy of my Background Image layer by

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dragging the thumbnail for the Background Image layer down to the Create New Layer

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button, that blank sheet of paper icon at the bottom of the Layers panel.

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Now I could have just as easily double-clicked on the thumbnail for the

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Background Image layer and then clicked OK in the New Layer dialog.

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That would have converted the Background Image layer to a normal layer.

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But I'm taking the extra step of creating a background copy, which actually also

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doubles the file size, so that I can always go back to the original if I have

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any questions of if I decide that the transformation was not necessary.

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So it's just an extra layer of caution. With this Background Copy layer created,

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I can now go to the Edit menu and simply choose Transform followed by Flip Horizontal.

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Notice that we can flip horizontally, left to right, or vertically, top to bottom.

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But in this case I need a horizontal flip.

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So I'll go ahead and choose flip horizontal from the transform menu and

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you'll see that the image is flipped. I'm essentially looking at a reversed

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version, at least in the horizontal aspect, of this original photo.

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So, now you can see that the numbers 435 at the bottom are now correct.

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But more importantly, the actual elements within the photo are correct.

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So, the tent now shows US rather than a backwards SU, and we could also look in

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other areas. Now in this case, we're not able to get

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enough detail. We don't have, for example, name badges

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on these soldiers. But if there were other elements, maybe

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an inscription on the cannon, that we could use as the basis of our evaluation,

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so much the better. We want to try to make sure that we're

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orienting the image properly. Sometimes a person might have an obvious

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blemish on their face for example, perhaps a mole that's on one side of

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their face that we can use as the basis of determining that orientation.

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But whenever possible the key is to check the image for those clues and then flip

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as needed.

結果 (中文) 1:

100:00:02，090--> 00:00:05，870当你抓住一张数码照片时，你真的不需要担心200:00:05，870--> 00:00:10，244映像是否倒退了。除非你翻转它，它就要出现300:00:10，244--> 00:00:13，988正确的方向。但你不要有模拟图像400:00:13，988--> 00:00:16，858这种保证。它是很容易打印图像500:00:16，858--> 00:00:20，930后退，例如，或以某种方式倒的副本。600:00:20，930--> 00:00:24，410因此，只要有可能，它可以是一个好主意，寻找可能的线索700:00:24，410--> 00:00:28，470表明需要翻转图像。800:00:28，470--> 00:00:32，758例如，用这张照片，我们可以看到，有写的就是一些，很可能在900:00:32，758--> 00:00:36，854原始打印或也许，平板玻璃，指示 435，但1000:00:36，854--> 00:00:41，980它是倒过来写。立刻，你可能会假定1100:00:41，980--> 00:00:45，130需要翻转图像和你实际上会在这种情况下，正确但其1200:00:45，130--> 00:00:48，970非常好的主意，不要急于得出这一结论。1300:00:48，970--> 00:00:54，330因为你一定不知道哪一侧的图像那文字写。1400:00:54，330--> 00:00:57，441例如，在玻璃板上它就能被写的背面1500:00:57，441--> 00:01:02，896只会通过显示和图像。对于这种形象，幸运的是，我们有1600:01:02，896--> 00:01:08，230让我们知道在图像确实落后的另一个很明显线索。1700:01:08，230--> 00:01:12，065如果你看看帐篷里这里的背景，你就会看到我们为美国，1800:01:12，065--> 00:01:16，062而这是倒退。所以，很明显我们需要翻转这1900:01:16，062--> 00:01:19，700这样，将会显示正确的图像水平。2000:01:19，700--> 00:01:23，236但再一次，请记住，仅仅因为你看见一些写作在图像上不2100:01:23，236--> 00:01:27，280自动指出正确的方向，为那张照片。2200:01:27，280--> 00:01:30，525所以在这种情况下我们知道我们想要水平，翻转图像和2300:01:30，525--> 00:01:33，924这就要求变换命令之一。2400:01:33，924--> 00:01:38，725但我们不能对锁定的背景图像图层应用变换命令。2500:01:38，725--> 00:01:42，053得首先创建一份由我背景图像图层2600:01:42，053--> 00:01:45，641拖动到创建的新图层背景图像图层的缩略图2700:01:45，641--> 00:01:51，650按钮，那张空白的纸层面板底部的图标。2800:01:51，650--> 00:01:54，482现在我都可以一样容易双击上的缩略图2900:01:54，482--> 00:01:58，430背景图像图层，然后在新建图层对话框中单击确定。3000:01:58，430--> 00:02:01，360那将已转换为常规图层的背景图像图层。3100:02:01，360--> 00:02:05，045但是额外的步骤来创建背景复制，实际上也3200:02:05，045--> 00:02:08，400双打的文件大小，所以，我可以总是回到原来如果我有3300:02:08，400--> 00:02:14，110任何问题的如果我决定转型没有必要。3400:02:14，110--> 00:02:18，880所以它是只是一层额外的警告。与创建，此背景副本层3500:02:18，880--> 00:02:25，490我可以现在转到编辑菜单，只需选择变换跟着水平翻转。3600:02:25，490--> 00:02:30，100请注意，我们可以请将水平翻转，左到右，或垂直，从顶部到底部。3700:02:30，100--> 00:02:32，850但在这种情况下我需要水平翻转。3800:02:32，850--> 00:02:36，095所以我会继续选择翻转水平从变换菜单和3900:02:36，095--> 00:02:41，000您会看到图像翻转。我基本上看着一个倒转4000:02:41，000--> 00:02:45，820版本，至少在水平方面，这原始的照片。4100:02:45，820--> 00:02:50，020所以，现在你可以看到底部的数字 435 现在正确。4200:02:50 020--> 00:02:54，150但更重要的是，这张照片内的实际元素是正确的。4300:02:54，150--> 00:02:58，308所以，帐篷现在向我们展示了而不是向后苏，和我们也能看4400:02:58，308--> 00:03:01，810其他地区。现在，在这种情况下，我们不能得到4500:03:01，810--> 00:03:04，649足够的细节。我们没有，例如，姓名徽章4600:03:04，649--> 00:03:07，623这些士兵。但是，如果有其他的元素，也许4700:03:07，623--> 00:03:10，938碑文上的加农炮，我们可以利用作为我们评价的依据4800:03:10，938--> 00:03:14，760那就更好。我们想要确保我们是4900:03:14，760--> 00:03:18，948正确定位图像。有时一个人可能会有明显5000:03:18，948--> 00:03:21，964例如缺陷在他们的脸上，也许是一侧的一颗痣5100:03:21，964--> 00:03:27，260他们脸上，我们可以使用作为确定这种倾向的基础。5200:03:27，260--> 00:03:31，352但只要有可能，关键是要检查这些线索的图像，然后翻转5300:03:31，352--> 00:03:33，010根据需要。

結果 (中文) 3:

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当你拍摄数码照片，你真的不需要担心

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图像是否是倒退。除非你翻转它，它会出现

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按照正确的方向。但与模拟图像不

4
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保证。这是很容易打印的图像5
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倒退，例如，或有一个副本倒了。

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等尽可能可以寻找线索，可能

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表明图像需要翻转是一个好主意
。
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为例，这张照片，我们可以看到，有一些文字，可能在

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原打印或者在玻璃板上，并表示435，但

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是倒着写的。马上，你可能认为

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图像需要被翻转过来，你会在这种情况下是正确的，但其

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不要妄下结论的一个很好的主意。

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因为你不一定知道的图像侧写是书面的。

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为例，在玻璃板上就已经写上了

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图像只是显示通过。对于这幅图像，幸运的是，我们有

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另一个很明显的线索，让我们知道图像在事实上倒退。

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如果你看看这里的背景幕，你会看到我们在美国，

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，向后。很明显，我们需要把这

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图像的水平，因此，会出现

正确。20
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但是，记住，只是因为你看到一些文字对图像不

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自动显示照片的正确方向。

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所以在这种情况下，我们都知道我们要翻转图像的水平，和

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要求其中的变换命令。

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但我们不能用变换命令锁定的背景图层。

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所以我开始创建一个副本，我的背景图像层的

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拖动缩略图图像背景层到创建新的图层

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按钮，那白纸图标在图层面板的底部。

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现在我可以只是简单地双击的

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背景图像层，然后点击OK新图层对话框。

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这会将背景图像层，普通层。

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但我以创建一个背景副本的额外步骤，这实际上也

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双打文件大小，这样我就可以永远如果我有

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回到原来的任何问题，如果我决定转型是没有必要的。

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所以它只是警告一个额外的层。这个背景副本层创建，

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我现在可以去编辑菜单中选择变换后再进行水平翻转。

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注意我们可以水平翻转，从左到右，或垂直，顶部至底部。

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但在这种情况下，我需要一个水平翻转。

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所以我会去选择水平翻转从变换菜单和

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你会看到图像翻转。我基本上看倒

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版，至少在横的方面，这个最初的照片。

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所以，现在你可以看到，数字435在底部是正确的了。

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但更重要的是，在这张图片中的实际元素是正确的。

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所以，帐篷现在显示我们而不是向后的宿舍，而且我们还可以看

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其他地区。现在，在这种情况下，我们不能够得到

45
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足够的细节。我们没有，例如，姓名徽章

46
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这些士兵。但如果有其他元素，也许

47
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在大炮的题词，我们可以作为我们的评价的基础上，

48
00:03:10938——> 00:03：14760，这么多的更好。我们要确保我们

49
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定向图像正常。有时，一个人可能有一个明显的

50
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缺陷对其面为例，也许有一颗痣，一方面

51
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他们的脸，我们可以使用作为确定方向的基础。

52
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但只要有可能，关键是要检查图像的线索，然后翻转

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需要
。