This study enrolled healthy adults who had tempo- rary upper GI symptoms. A score of 8 on the m-FSSG is often used as a cutoff for screening participants with upper GI symptoms (Kusano et al., 2012; Tominaga et al., 2014). However, to exclude participants with chronic symptoms, the Rome IV classification was used, which comprises bothersome postprandial full- ness, bothersome early satiety, bothersome epigastric pain, and bothersome epigastric burning during the preceding 6-mo period (or more), with such symptoms occurring regularly during the last 3-mo period.