InterventionsThe duration of both training programs was 10 weeks, withthree 1-hour sessions per week. Each session began andconcluded with 5 minutes of warm-up and cool-downstretching exercises, respectively. A trainer experienced inleading community-based exercise programs at congregatehousing facilities led each group. The TC trainer also receivedadditional instruction in leading TC from an experiencedTC group leader. All participants were exposed to alltraining tasks presented in a particular session but performedthem as tolerated and modified as necessary (such asmodification of the base of support) to facilitate safe andsuccessful task completion.Combined Balance and Stepping TrainingUsing a motor-skill training approach,20 CBST participantsworked on dynamic balance and stepping responsesthrough structured practice with a focus on speed of stepinitiation and appropriate toe clearance and step length. Acircuit of progressive challenges to upright static and dynamicbalance were presented by narrowing the base ofsupport (bipedal to tandem to unipedal), moving fromsymmetrical to asymmetrical base of support, providingexternal challenges to balance that required a response (e.g.,moving the upper extremities and bouncing and catching aball), narrowing the base of support while responding to theexternal challenge (e.g., standing in semitandem whilecatching a ball), and increasing the complexity of ambulatorytasks (e.g., changing direction (walking backward orlaterally), changing speed, walking with reduced base ofsupport (walking on a plank), turning, bending, stepping onand off curbs, braiding/grapevine steps, walking whilecarrying a ball, or stepping over obstacles (e.g., small hurdles)).Functional ankle, knee, and hip strengthening activities(such as heel and toe rises and rising from a chair) werealso included. Many of the tasks were simple and requiredno substantial apparatus. The use of a relatively large rangeof these exercises allowed progressive delivery of differentlevels of balance and stepping challenge.