Despite the fact that women currently make up 49.1% of medical student graduates, the percentage entering surgical subspecialties remains low. In 1996, 6.7% of female residents were in a surgical field. Ten years later, in 2006, it was not much higher, at 8%.The number of male residents in surgical fields has not changed (19.7% in 1996 and 19.3% in 2006),despite the lower percentage of male students in medical school. In urology, however, there has been an increase in the number of women entering the field over the years.