Finally, protecting receiving aquatic habitats not only means reducing the volumes of wastewater, but also the pollutant loads. A well-known example is the removal of phosphorus from laundry detergents in the mid 1970s in the US. This action, together with reducing pollutant loads of organic matter, led to a great improvement of water quality in Lake Erie, which was declared ‘dead’ during the 1960s (Sweeney, 1995). Similar actions are reported elsewhere by Nhapi and Gijzen (2005). Tangsubkul et al. (2005) used substance flow analysis to assess imports and exports of phosphorus (P) in Sydney, Australia for the year 2000 and estimated that 80% of the import occurred via food and detergents, and as much as 25% of the imported P-mass eventually ended up in the ocean, even after wastewater treatment.