Their cheery song brightens many a

Their cheery song brightens many a winter’s day. But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night一as well as during the day, British-based researchers say.
David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds’ biological clock, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.
Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds’ health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
He told people at a conference, “There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behavior and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy.”
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, “In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying ‘You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls?’. During the breeding(繁殖) season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can’t sleep.”
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.
However, some birds thrive(兴旺) in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalizing on their predators(天敌) fleeing to quieter areas.

結果 (中文) 1:

他们欢快的歌照亮许多冬天的一天。但知更鸟处于危险之中的穿着自己的歌唱得太多。知更鸟在歌唱所有 night一as 好如白天，总部设在英国的研究人员说。大卫 Dominoni，格拉斯哥大学的说，光从路灯、 外卖迹象和家园影响鸟类的生物钟，导致他们已经完全清醒时他们应该睡着了。Dominoni 博士，将相机放入产卵箱来跟踪的睡眠模式，说缺乏睡眠可以将鸟儿的健康置于危险境地。他的研究表明，当知更鸟暴露于光，晚上在实验室中，它导致在错误的时间的一天正在积极一些基因。更多的鸟暴露于光，越积极，他们是在晚上。他告诉人们在发布会上，"有几个研究表明他们增加了他们的歌在夜间输出和白天他们仍在歌唱。唱歌是一种昂贵的行为和需要消耗的能量。所以通过增加他们的歌输出，可能会有一些费用的能量。"这并不清醒地人造光的只是知更鸟。黑鹂和海鸥也正在更多夜间活动。Dominoni 博士说，"在我住的地方的格拉斯哥，海鸥是一个严重的问题。有人来给我，说 ' 你是只鸟专家。你能帮我们杀这些海鸥？ '。Breeding(繁殖) 的季节，4 月至 6 月，他们在晚上非常活跃，很吵，人睡不着。虽然博士 Dominoni 只研究了光污染，其他研究得出结论，知更鸟生活在喧闹的城市已经开始在晚上唱歌使自己听到巨响。然而，一些鸟儿在嘈杂环境中的 thrive(兴旺)。加州理工大学的一项研究发现更多的蜂鸟在地区与重型工业机械。人们认为他们正在利用人们对他们的 predators(天敌) 逃到比较安静的地区。

結果 (中文) 3:

他们欢快的歌照亮许多冬季的一天。但罗宾斯有危险的穿着自己的歌声太多。罗宾斯唱了一整夜一以及白天，英国的研究人员说。David Dominoni，格拉斯哥大学，从路灯的光说，外卖的迹象和家庭是影响鸟类的生物钟，导致他们在清醒时，他们应该睡着了。Dominoni博士，谁是把相机里的巢箱追踪睡眠模式，表示缺乏睡眠可以把鸟的健康风险。他的研究表明，当罗宾斯在实验室里晚上暴露在光下时，它会导致一些基因在一天中的错误的时间活跃。和更多的鸟类暴露于光，更活跃，他们在夜间。他在一次会议上告诉人们，“有几次研究表明他们正在增加他们的歌曲输出在夜间和白天他们仍然在唱歌。歌唱是一种昂贵的行为，它需要能量。因此，通过增加他们的歌曲输出，可能会有一些能源成本。”并不是只有罗宾斯被人工光保持清醒。乌鸦和海鸥也在夜间。Dominoni博士说，“在格拉斯哥我住的地方，那是一个严重的问题。我有人来对我说'你是鸟专家。你能帮我们把这些海鸥？'。在繁殖季节（繁殖），四月和六月之间，他们是非常活跃的夜晚很嘈杂，人们不能睡觉。”虽然Dominoni博士只研究光污染，其他研究发现，生活在喧嚣的城市罗宾斯开始唱晚上让自己过度的噪音听到。然而，一些鸟类（兴旺）在嘈杂的环境中茁壮成长。从加利福尼亚理工大学的一项研究发现，在重工业机械领域更多的蜂鸟。人们认为他们是利用他们的天敌（天敌）逃到安静的地方。