Average glucose between 0800 and 0900 h (steady state) was considered as fasting glucose. The period between 0900 h on treatment condition day and 0900 h on the following day was considered as the 24-h period. Instead of 24- h glucose total area under the curve (AUC), 21-h glucose AUC was calculated using the glucose obtained between 0900 h on treatment condition day and 0600 h on the following day because participants consumed breakfast around 0700 h on the following day.