The integrity and stability of DNA, essential to life, is maintained by DNA polymerase via repair and recombination. The enzyme can read the sequences of each strand of DNA and use them as templates to produce new DNA molecules.It catalyzes the incorporation of mononucleotides to the 3’-hydroxyl end of a growing deoxyribonucleic acid polymer. The enzyme has proved to be invaluable in all aspects of molecular biology including DNA labelling, sequencing, PCR applications etc. In addition to their biotechnological applications, understanding basic properties and functions of DNA polymerases in cellular processes has become crucial to diagnosis and treatment of various diseases including many genetic disorders, viral infections and cancers. Because genomic DNA is large and constantly exposed to endogenous and environmental DNA damaging agents, cells have evolved a number of DNA repair processes in cells to safeguard their DNA from damage, thus restoring the integrity of the genome. DNA polymerase actively participates in different repair pathways. Without these wonderful biological molecules i.e. DNA polymerase, ‘life as we know it would not exist’.