What do we know about the gut micro

What do we know about the gut microbiota
Bearing in mind the limitations above, the GI tract is often seen as a two phylum system (the
Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) although it should be noted that members of at least 10 different
phyla can also have important functional contributions. We are also very bacteria-centric when
we look at the gut microbiota; only a handful of papers have looked at the viral component (or
virome) and micro-eukaiyotes (protozoa and fungi). When the gut microbiota of relatively large
cohorts of individuals (eg, more than 100) is analysed, it can be seen that the ratio of the
Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes is not the same in all individuals. Currently we do not know the
significance of being at either end of this continuum, especially as a large shift in the relative
abundance of a group of organisms translates to a modest change in bacterial numbers. Yet there
is evidence that depletion of a single species, for example, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,
belonging to the Firmicutes phylum, has been associated with IBD. But in the scientific literature,
we see counterarguments for any involvement of this species in IBD. This disparity highlights the
current status of understanding. We know that the gut microbiota is essential to the proper
function and development of the host but we are unsure which are keystone species and
whether the microbiota's function is more important than any individual member of the
community. But this is too simplistic a view. In several cases, strain differences within a species
can be the difference between being a pathogen/pathobiont and being a probiotic: for example,
Escherichia coli is associated with IBD and colorectal cancer (CRC) yet an E. coli strain is used as a
probiotic.

結果 (中文) 1:

我们对肠道菌群有什么了解铭记上述限制，胃肠道往往被视为两个门系统 (厚壁菌门、 拟杆菌门) 虽然应该指出至少 10 个不同的成员门也可以有功能的重要贡献。我们也是在必要的时候才非常以细菌为中心我们看看肠道菌群;只有少量的论文已看过的病毒成分 (或研究) 和微-eukaiyotes (原生动物和真菌)。当肠道菌群的相对较大班级的个人 (例如，超过 100) 是分析，可以看出的比率Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes 不是在所有个人相同。目前我们不知道被任何一端的这个连续体，尤其是作为一个大的转变，在相对的意义丰富的一群生物体转化为细菌数量的轻微改变。然而，那里证据是物种的一个单一，例如，Faecalibacterium prausnitzii，那枯竭属于厚壁菌门，已与炎症性肠病。但在科学文献中，我们看到任何参与这个物种在 IBD 的反驳。这种差距凸显出当前状态的理解。我们知道，肠道菌群是基本正确函数和主机的发展，但我们不能确定哪些关键物种和肠道菌群的功能是否比任何个别成员的更重要community. But this is too simplistic a view. In several cases, strain differences within a speciescan be the difference between being a pathogen/pathobiont and being a probiotic: for example,Escherichia coli is associated with IBD and colorectal cancer (CRC) yet an E. coli strain is used as aprobiotic.

結果 (中文) 3:

知道记住上述限制肠道微生物
轴承对我们做什么，胃肠道常被视为一二门系统（的
厚壁菌门和拟杆菌）但应该指出的是，至少有10个不同的
门的成员也有重要功能的贡献。我们也很
细菌中心当我们看肠道菌群；只有极少数的论文看了病毒成分（或
病毒）和微eukaiyotes（原生动物和真菌）。当肠道菌群比较大的
同伙的人（例如，超过100）的分析，可以看出，厚壁菌门的
比例：拟杆菌门并不是在所有的人一样。目前，我们不知道这一连续体的两端有什么意义，特别是在一组生物体的相对丰度的大转变转化为细菌数量的适度变化。然而，有证据表明，
是枯竭的一个物种，例如，Faecalibacterium prausnitzii，
属于厚壁菌门，已与炎症性肠病。但在科学文献中，我们看到的
IBD任何参与这种抗辩。这种差距突出了目前的认识现状。我们知道，肠道菌群是必不可少的主机适当的
功能和发展，但我们不能确定这是关键种、
是否微生物的功能比任何单个成员的
社区更重要。但这是一种过于简单化的观点。在一些情况下，应变差异在一个物种内可被病原体/ pathobiont和益生菌的区别：例如，
大肠杆菌与鸡传染性法氏囊病与结直肠癌（CRC）然而，大肠杆菌作为益生菌
。