The accelerations and deformations

The accelerations and deformations were measured using accelerometers and displacement transduces
such as laser sensors and LVDT sensors, respectively. From Figs. 2a, 3a and 4a, the acceleration
sensors were positioned at predefined locations during layer by layer construction of the
reinforcements. One accelerometer was attached to the container base to measure base acceleration,
and another accelerometer was attached to the top of the wall to measure response acceleration. The
response accelerations of reinforced backfill zone were measured by three accelerometers from top to
bottom, and the last accelerometer was positioned at the unreinforced backfill zone. Facing
deformation was measured using laser sensors attached to rigid bars which were fastened to the soil
container. Deformation of the facing was measured at three points from top to bottom as shown in Figs.
2a, 3a and 4a. The settlements of the backfill behind the wall were also measured using three vertical
LVDT sensors connected to the soil container frame with stiff beams. To isolate the friction effect of
side wall, all parameters were measured at the middle of the physical model on a line parallel to the
side wall. The data from all instrumentation were collected at a high sampling rate (100 Hz) to avoid
aliasing errors and to capture the peak values of dynamic wall response during base excitation.
Each retaining wall models was subjected to harmonic sinusoidal base acceleration motion at
predominant frequency of 5 Hz having twenty cycles per stage. The acceleration amplitude was
increased stage by stage with a target increment of 100 gal from 100 gal to until the failure or collapse occurs

結果 (繁體中文) 1:

使用加速度計測量加速度和變形和位移感應器如激光感應器和 LVDT 感應器，分別。從圖 2a、 3a、 4a、 加速度感應器都位於層的施工過程中預定義的位置增援部隊。一個加速度計被附加到容器底作基準來衡量基地加速，和另一個加速度計附在牆中用來測量回應加速度的頂端。的加筋的回填區回應加速度測定從頂部到三個加速度計底部和去年的加速度計被位於筋的回填區。面對變形測量使用連接到剛性杆被緊固到土壤的激光感應器容器。無花果中所示在從頂部到底部的三個點測量面臨的變形。2a、 3a、 4a。牆後回填的定居點也測量用三個垂直LVDT 感應器連接到與剛性梁土容器框架。隔離的摩擦效應側牆上，所有的參數測定的中間線平行的線的物理模型側牆。從所有檢測資料，收集了極高的取樣速率 (100 Hz) 以避免混淆錯誤並在基地勵磁期間捕獲動態牆回應的峰值。每個擋牆模型受到諧波正弦基加速度運動5 赫茲有二十週期每階段的卓越頻率。加速度幅值是從直到失敗或崩潰到 100 加侖 100 加侖目標增量增加的分期發生

結果 (繁體中文) 2:

使用加速度計測量的加速度和變形和位移轉導
分別如激光傳感器和LVDT傳感器。從圖。圖2a，3a和4a中，加速度
傳感器被定位在由層結構層中的預定位置
增援。一個加速度計被連接到容器底座以測量基加速度，
和另一個加速度計被附連到測量響應加速度的壁的頂部。在
由三個加速度計測量的從頂部到鋼筋回填區域的響應加速度
底部，最後加速計被定位在未增強回填區域。面對
變形是使用附連到其被固定在土壤剛性棒激光傳感器測量
容器。襯面的變形在上下三個點測量為如圖
2a，3a和4a中。牆後回填的定居點也採用三縱測
連接到具有剛性梁土容器框架LVDT傳感器。以分離的摩擦效應
側壁，在平行於一條線的物理模型的中間測量的所有參數
的側壁。從所有儀表的數據是在一高採樣率（100赫茲），以避免收集
混疊誤差和鹼激勵期間捕捉動態壁響應的峰值。
每個擋土牆模型在經受諧波正弦基加速度運動
的主導頻5赫茲有每級20個週期。加速度幅值是
逐步增加的階段，100加侖的目標增加100加侖，直到故障或發生坍塌