Silvestri et al (2014) found no reduction in VAP with the use of chlorhexidine in a population of a medical ICU (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.26- 1.09; P = .08) or mixed ICU (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.60- 1.12; P = .22).Komplas et al (2014) found a significant reduction in VAP with the use of chlorhexidine in patients submitted to heart surgery (RR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.41- 0.77; P < .001; I² = 0%), but the result was non- significant in studies involving other ICU populations (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.60- 1.02; P = .04 I² = 44%).On sensitive analysis among the non- cardiac surgery studies were not found results significant for concentrations of chlorhexidine 0.12% (RR: 0.80; 95% CI 0.51- 1.25; I2 = 0%), 0.2% (RR: 0.76; 95% CI 0.47- 1.20; I2 = 61%); 2% (RR: 0.75; 95% CI 0.35- 1.63; I2 = 73%).