In summary, we demonstrate that ARF1 regulates trypsinogen
activation by two different mechanisms in two different
phases: by procathepsin B processing during an early phase and
by the transfer of microsomal contents into maturing autophagosomes
during the later phase. The relevance of these mechanisms
of trypsinogen activation to other diverse etiologies of
pancreatitis, some of which are triggered by drugs that induce