Blotnick (1984) suggests that there is a "high resistance among these second-generation owner-managers to being there in the first place". Birley's (1986) findings, which were based on her study of college students and their decisions about "returning" to the family firm after school, indicate that the responsibility to the family firm does not appear to lie solely with the oldest child. Finally there are many advantages to a delayed entry strategy (Barach, Gantisky, Carson, and Doochin, 1988); gaining experience outside the family firm is often a recommended course of action.