《爱因斯坦（A.Einstein）的相对论错在哪里》（答北京相对论研究

《爱因斯坦（A.Einstein）的相对论错在哪里》
（答北京相对论研究联谊会学术委员会吴水清会长的提问）

一、狭义相对论
爱因斯坦在1919年发表的题名为“我的理论”文章中，对狭义相对论表述为：[许良英、范岱年编译的《爱因斯坦文集》，Ⅰ卷，北京商务印书馆，1976，110-111]一个对惯性系做匀速直线运动的坐标系也同样是一个惯性系。所谓狭义相对论就意味着这个定义的推广，因此包括无论哪种事件，这样，凡是对坐标C有效的自然界的普通规律，对于一个相对于C作匀速平移运动的坐标C＇也必定同样有效。
狭义相对论所根据的第二条原理是“真空中光速不变原理”。这原理断言：光在真空里总有一个确定的传播速度（同观测者或者光源的运动状态无关）。
由此可见：狭义相对论是在惯性系是客观存在，并具有平权等价性的物理概念上，把光的运动在匀速直线运动的意义上与物体的惯性运动等效起来，把力学相对性原理推广的狭义相对论原理的理论。
在牛顿力学中空间的几何性质是用欧几里得（Euclid）几何的点表示的，点的位置是用笛卡尔（R.Descartes）的直角坐标系的直线距离来确定的。在运动的概念是空间位置随时间变化的意义上，运动的快、慢和大小是用速度和速率去度量的，所以速度的定义式为

= （1）
由此可见速度是时间间隔△t趋于零时，极限意义上的状态速度，速度有大小也有方向，速度的大小叫做速率。
若用x表示横坐标轴，t表示横坐标轴的直角坐标系，物体从时间t1运动到t2，物体的位置从坐标x1运动到x2测平均速度v平均的定义式为：
（2）
因此，平均速度的数值是物体曲线运动用x1到x2的直线表示的割线的斜率。瞬时速度的数值是在x1处切线的斜率。如果割线的斜率与切线的斜率相等，二者相重合在瞬时速度是极限状态速度的意义上，物体做的是在任何运动状态的空间间隔、时间间隔都不变的匀速直线运动。在物体质量的惯性是物体为了保持原有的静止或运动状态不变，抵抗运动状态改变能力的性质的意义上，匀速直线运动就是惯性运动。用点空间几何性质的坐标系表示时，就被称为惯性系，在惯性与静止等效的意义上，惯性系就是描述运动的参考系。
作者通过对两个相互作匀速直线运动坐标K、K＇的伽里略（G.Galileo）坐标变换方程：
x=x＇- vt y=y＇ z=z＇ t=t＇ （3）
的数理分析证明[蒋志方，邓兴军著《变速系相对论》北京化学工业出版社，2013.7，42-43]：在任何惯性系中用点和间隔意义上的空间和时间是相同不变绝对性质的，相对速度是相同的并等于零。因此一方面表明静、动坐标系是等效的，是静、动状态不分的，不具有相对性的。在运动的描述必须要有在相对静止的参考系才能进行的意义上，这个静、动状态不分不具有相对性的结论是不符合静、动状态必须严格区分具有运动相对性的自然规律的。造成这个结果的原因是由绝对时空的惯性系的平权等价性带来的，这就是当今物理学在基础理论中存在问题的关键。
惯性系的平权等价性是以不存在绝对静止参考系的情况下才能成立的。因为如果绝对静止参考系存在的话，用它去检测其他不同运动状态的惯性系在不同运动速度上的差异就会被检测出来。就不具有平权等价的性质。在参考系的性质是时空性质的意义上，时、空的绝对性又要求绝对静止的参考系必须存在，这是相互矛盾的，因此，绝对静止参考系是否存在问题，就是建立在绝对时空惯性系基础上的牛顿力学定律是否成立的关键问题？1881-1887年迈克尔逊（A.A.Michelson）和莫雷（E.W.Morley）反复多次进行了著名的光的干涉实验，结果证明绝对静止的坐标系是不存在的。即是证明了绝对时空的坐标系也就不存在了。因此牛顿定律怎能反映客观世界的物理真实。这就是在惯性系是客观存在的，将惯性系平权等价性的定义进行推广为狭义相对性原理的不能成立的原因之一。
在惯性系是参考系的意义上，惯性系的平权等价性必然带来描述物体的运动，可以任意选择参考系都是有物理意义的结论。问题是，参考系是否可以任意选择呢？通过下述例子就能得到这个问题的答案。
在站台上静止的观察者看到当列车在力作用下运动时，在列车上静止的观察者在做以物体自身的相对静止状态为参考系的速度变化为v-0=v的加速运动。在列车上静止的观察者看到在站台上静止的观测在做速度变化为0-v=-v反方向的减速运动。又如有一个与地面上静止的观察者A的视线平行的转动圆盘，在A看来由于与静摩擦力平恒在转动圆盘上静止的观察者B，在作加速度与位移成正比但方向相反的简谐运动，同样，用B去观察A也在作加速度与位移成正比但方向相反的简谐运动，只是二者的运动方向相反而已。观察者既然静止为何又具有加速度，这是与牛顿定律相矛盾的。或者说在以非惯性系为参考系时牛顿定律是不成立的。也就是说，以惯性系为参考系去考察与它静止或作匀速直线运动坐标系也同样是一个惯性系意义上，可以任意选择参考系的结论是不能成立的。这就是狭义相对论不能成立原因的理由之二。
可以任意选择参考系的意思是可以把描述物体的运动建立在别的其他任何物体为参考系的基础上，在参考系的性质是时、空性质的意义上，由惯性系的平权等价性带来的任意选择参考系必然会造成运动与物质和时空相互脱离，不符合因果律科学性的严重后果。这样得到的物理规律又怎能反映自然界的物理真实。这是狭义的相对论不能成立的原因之三。
惯性定律表明，惯性运动与静止是等效的，在惯性系平权等效的意义上，静止与运动状态是不分的，是没有运动相对性的。在时空具有绝对性质的意义上，惯性运动是与绝对静止等效的。因此，无论用静止或做匀速运动的物体以及用绝对静止物体作为描述物体运动的参考系得到的结果都是相对速度等于零，运动就不存在。前面所举的例子也说明以有加速度的非惯性坐标系为参考系时牛顿定律是不能成立的，所以，究竟用什么物质来作为描述物体运动的参考系就成了牛顿理论中描述运动相对性的一大问题？
人类长期的实践经验表明，物体运动的描述将随着参考系选择的不同而不同，如像从树上垂直下落的果子，在地面上的观察者看，果子作的是直线运动，但在运动的车箱中的观察者看，果子作的并不是直线运动而是曲线运动，又如在电梯箱体的缝孔中，射入一道光线，在电梯静止时，电梯里的观察者看到的光线

結果 (英文) 1:

Einstein (A.Einstein) theory of relativity where wrong(Relativity Research Association wushuiqing Chairman of the academic Committee of Beijing answer questions)First, the special theory of relativityPublished by Albert Einstein in 1919, entitled "my theory" article, on the special theory of relativity is expressed as: [Xu, compiled by Fan Dainian Einstein anthology first volume, commercial press, Beijing, 1976,110-111] the coordinates of an inertial motion is also an inertial system. So-called special relativity means that the generalization of the definition, including both events, so that the ordinary laws of nature who coordinates c effective, for a uniformly relative to c C' must be the same effective translational coordinates.Special relativity is based on the second principle is the "principle of light in a vacuum". This principle asserts: there is always a definite propagation velocity in a vacuum (has nothing to do with the State of motion of the observer or the light source).From this: special relativity is in the inertial frame is an objective reality, and affirmative action on the physical concept of equivalence, in the sense of motion and movement of light equivalent to inertial motion of objects and the relativity principle of mechanics to promote the principle of special relativity theory.In Newtonian mechanics, the geometry of space is in Euclid (Euclid) geometrical point, point location is in Descartes (R.Descartes) the straight-line distance to determine the rectangular coordinate system. In motion is the concept of spatial position sense over time, the fast and slow of movement and size is used to measure speed and rate of, so the speed definition for = （1）So speed is a time interval t tends to zero, the ultimate sense of speed, speed with size also has a direction, velocity is called speed.If the horizontal axis in the x, t represents the abscissa axis of the Cartesian coordinate system, body in motion from time T1 to T2, from coordinates X1 to the location of the object definition of average speed v X2 average formula is: (2)Therefore, the average values are the curved motion of objects using lines from X1 to X2 represent the slope of the secant line. Instantaneous velocity is the value of the slope of the tangent line at x1. If the slope of the secant line equal to the slope of the tangent line, which coincides in the sense of instantaneous velocity is the speed limit State, objects do is in any State of the spatial interval, the interval is constant motion. In the inertia of the mass of the object is an object in order to maintain the original state of static or motion does not change, state change on the significance of the nature of the resistance movement, motion is inertial motion. Geometry properties of the coordinate system at the point, is called inertial system, in the sense of inertia equivalent to stationary, inertial frame is to describe the motion of reference system.Through the mutual motion in two coordinates k, K' gamma Rilho (G.Galileo) coordinate transformation equations: x=x＇- vt y=y＇ z=z＇ t=t＇ （3）Mathematical analysis of the evidence [Jiang Zhifang, Deng Xingjun transmission system of the theory of relativity, Beijing, chemical industry press, 2013.7,42-43]: in any inertial frame with a sense of space and time points and intervals are the same the same absolute nature, relative velocity is the same and equal to zero. So on the one hand show the equivalent of static and dynamic coordinate system, is not static and dynamic State, does not have a relative in nature. In descriptions of the movement must be stationary relative to the frame of reference to make sense, regardless of the static and dynamic State does not have the opposite conclusion is not consistent with State must strictly distinguish between static and dynamic nature of motion relativity. This is caused by the inertia of the absolute space and time brought about by the equality equivalence, which is the key to today's problems in the theory of physics.Affirmative equivalence of inertial frame is based does not exist under absolute rest frame of reference can be established. Because if absolute rest frame exists, use it to check in different sports in different States of inertial speed differences were detected. Is not an equivalent of affirmative nature. In the reference system is the nature of the spatial and temporal nature of sense, the absolute nature of time, space and absolute rest frame of reference must exist, this is contradictory and, therefore, absolute rest frame of reference if there is a problem, is based on absolute space-time inertial system, based on the key problem of whether the laws of Newtonian mechanics? Michelson 1881-1887 (A.A.Michelson) and Morley (E.W.Morley) famous light interference experiment is repeated, the results proved to be absolutely stationary coordinate system does not exist. As evidenced by the existence of absolute space and time coordinates are not. So how can Newton's laws reflect the physical reality of the objective world. This is the inertial frame is an objective reality, to promote equivalence of inertial affirmative definition by as one of the untenable principle of special relativity.In the inertial frame is the frame of reference of sense, affirmative equivalence of inertial systems will inevitably bring about describes the motion of objects, where you can select the reference system is the physical meaning of conclusion. Problem is, reference frames can be arbitrary choice? Through the following examples can be the answer to this question.Still see on the platform when the train loads when on the train stationary object the observer stationary relative to its own status as acceleration of the reference system v-0=v speed change. Still see from the train on the platform rests on the observation in 0-v=-v speed change in the opposite direction of movement. And as has a and ground Shang still of observation who a, of sight parallel of turned disc, in a, seems due to and static friction flat constant in turned disc Shang still of observation who b, in made acceleration and displacement into is proportional to the but direction instead of simple harmonic motion, also, with b to observation a, also in made acceleration and displacement into is proportional to the but direction instead of simple harmonic motion, just both of movement direction instead just. Observed since the rest why is its acceleration, this is contradicts the Newton. Or in a non-inertial frame of reference of Newton's laws are not valid. In other words, to explore with its inertial frame of reference of static or motion coordinate is also an inertial sense, conclusions can choose any frame of reference can be set up. That is why the special theory of relativity cannot be established a second reason.Means can choose any frame of reference describes the motion of objects can be established in any other frame of reference of an object based on the reference system is the nature of the nature of temporal and spatial sense, brought on by affirmative equivalence of inertial frames any matter and space-time reference system will certainly result in movement separate from each other, not in conformity with the law of causality scientific consequences. So how can get physical laws reflect the nature of physical reality. This is the special theory of relativity is not justified because of the three.Inertia shows that is equivalent to inertial motion and stillness, in the inertial system equivalent to the affirmative sense, stillness and movement status is not, there is no movement relative. In the nature of spacetime has absolute sense, inertial motion is equivalent to the absolute rest. Therefore, either stationary or moving objects, and absolute rest as describing the motion of an object reference results obtained are relative velocity is equal to zero, movement does not exist. Earlier examples also show in a non-inertial coordinate system as the reference frame acceleration of Newton's laws can be set up when, so exactly what substances are used as to describe the motion of frames of reference to describe motion in Newton's theory of relativity big questions?Human long-term of practice experience showed that, objects movement of description will with reference Department select of different and different, as like from tree Shang vertical whereabouts of fruit, in ground Shang of observation who see, fruit made of is line movement, but in movement of car box in the of observation who see, fruit made of is not line movement but curve movement, and as in elevator box of sewing hole in the, scored together light, in elevator still Shi, elevator in of observation who see of light

結果 (英文) 3:

"Einstein (A.Einstein) theory of relativity wrong"
(a Beijing relativity research association academic committee chairman Wu Shuiqing's question, the special theory of relativity)

A
Einstein published in 1919 entitled "my theory" in this paper, the special theory of relativity is expressed as: [Xu Liangying, Fan Dainian compiled "the collected works of Einstein", Vol. I, Beijing University Press, 1976110-111] a uniform motion in a straight line to the inertial coordinate system is also an inertial system. The so-called special relativity means to generalize this definition, thus including either event, such,All effective to coordinate C the nature of the common law, for a uniform translational motion relative to the C coordinates of the C 'must also equally effective.
the special theory of relativity is based on the second principles are "the principle of the constant speed of light in vacuum". The principle of light in a vacuum asserted: there is always a certain propagation velocity (irrelevant motion state observer or the same source).
thus: the special theory of relativity in the inertial system is the objective existence, and has the physical concept of equality equivalence, light, movement and an object in motion in a straight line inertia movement sense equivalent, the relativity principle of mechanics theory of generalized narrow principle of relativity.
geometric property of space in Newtonian mechanics is Euclidean (Euclid) geometry point representation, the location of the point is to use Descartes (R.Descartes) linear distance of Cartesian coordinate system to determine the. In the sports concept is the meaning of space position with time, moving fast, slow and size is used to measure the speed and rate, so the definition formula of velocity for

= (1)
thus speed is the interval of time delta t tends to zero, the state speed limit on the significance of the size, speed also has direction, size is called the rate of speed.
if indicated by x abscissa axis, t said the abscissa axis Cartesian coordinates,The object from the motion of T1 time to T2, the position of the object from the coordinates of X1 movement to the x2 test defined type average speed average for V (2):

therefore, numerical average velocity is slope object curvilinear motion with X1 to x2 line to represent the secant. Numerical instantaneous velocity is X1 in the slope tangent. If the slope and the slope of the tangent secant equal, two coincide in the instantaneous speed is the limit state of speed sense, objects do is uniform linear motion, the motion state of the space interval in any time interval is constant. In object mass inertia is the object in order to remain at rest or in the original state of constant movement,The ability to change the state of motion resistance properties of sense, uniform linear motion is inertial motion. Represented by the geometric properties of space coordinates, is called the inertial system, in the inertial and static equivalent sense, inertial reference system is the description of motion.
author of two mutually uniform rectilinear motion coordinate K, K 's Galileo (G.Galileo) coordinate transformation equation:
x=x - vt' z=z 'y=y' t=t '(3)
mathematical analysis proves that [Jiang Zhifang, Deng Xingjun "theory of relativity" transmission system of Beijing Chemical Industry Press, 2013.7, 42-43]:In any inertial system by using point and interval of the sense of space and time is the same constant absolute nature, the relative velocity is the same and equal to zero. So on the one hand, show the moving coordinate system are equivalent, is static, dynamic state is not divided, does not have the relativity. Must be in the motion description have carried out in the frame of reference to the relative static sense, the static, dynamic state not relative conclusions are not consistent with the static, dynamic state must be strictly distinguish with the natural law of the relative motion. Bring the equality equivalence of the reason of this result is an inertial frame by the absolute space-time,This is the key to today's physics based on theoretical problems in. Equality equivalence
inertial system is the ability to not exist absolute rest reference system established under the circumstances of the. Because if there is absolute rest reference system, inertial system used to detect different motion state is different at different velocity can be detected. Nature has no equivalent of affirmative action. Properties in the frame of reference is the spatiotemporal nature of meaning, reference system absolute, empty and require absolute stillness must exist, this is contradictory, therefore, absolute rest reference system problems,The key problem is the Newton's mechanics laws established in absolute space-time inertial system based on whether to set up? 1881-1887 Michelson (A.A.Michelson) and Mo Lei (E.W.Morley) repeatedly intervened famous experiment results prove that the light, absolute coordinate system is not exist. That is proof of absolute space and time coordinates do not exist. Therefore, Newton's law can reflect the objective real physical world. This is in the inertial system is the objective existence, the definition of the equivalence of the inertial system equal promotion one of the reasons for the special theory of relativity principle cannot be established.
in the inertial reference system sense,Equality equivalence of inertial system will inevitably bring about describing the motion of objects, can be arbitrary reference frame selection are physically meaningful conclusions. The question is, whether the reference system can be arbitrarily chosen? Get this problem by the following examples can answer.
stationary on the platform the observer sees when the train movement in force, still on the train on the observer to make changes in the speed of the relative static state object itself as a reference system for the accelerated motion v-0=v. Still on the train on the observer sees a stationary observer on the platform to speed changes to 0-v=-v to reverse the direction of the deceleration motion.And as a rotating disk parallel to a stationary and the ground observer A sight, in the view of A due to the static friction force balanced on the rotary disk stationary observer B, in the acceleration and displacement is proportional to the direction opposite but simple harmonic motion, also, used B to observe A in acceleration but the direction and displacement is proportional to the harmonic motion of the opposite direction of movement of the two, only the opposite. The observer since static why again with acceleration, which is in contradiction with Newton's law. Or in non inertial reference system for the Newton's law is not valid. That is to say,In the inertial coordinate system as the reference system to study and it is static or uniform rectilinear motion coordinate system is also an inertial system sense, can be arbitrary reference frame selection conclusion is untenable. This is the special theory of relativity cannot be established causes of two.
can be arbitrary reference frame selection means can describe the motion of objects on which other any other objects based on the nature of the frame of reference, in the frame of reference is the meaning, nature, arbitrary brought by the equality equivalence of inertial system: the choice of the reference system will cause and the motion of matter and space time interaction from the serious consequences, not in conformity with the law of causality scientifically.The laws of physics that get how can reflect the nature of physical reality. This is the theory of relativity untenable reason of narrow sense three.
the law of inertia shows, inertial motion and stillness is equivalent, in the inertial affirmative equivalent sense, stillness and motion state is not, there is no relative motion. Has the absolute property in temporal and spatial sense, inertial motion is equivalent to the absolute static. Therefore, whether static or do uniform motion of the object and using the absolute static objects as describing the motion of an object reference results obtained is the relative velocity is equal to zero, the movement does not exist.The previous example also shows that with the acceleration of the non inertial coordinate system as the reference system when Newton's law can be set up, so, what matter to describe the motion of an object as the reference system has become a major problem of describing the relative motion theory of Newton?
the long-term experience of human shows that, the description of movement of objects will be with the reference frame selection is different, such as a vertical drop of fruit from the trees, on the ground of the observer, fruit for linear motion, but the motion of the trunk, the observer, fruit for are not straight movement but curve movement, such as in slot in the elevator box,Shoot a ray of light, in the elevator when stationary, the elevator observers see the light