The above discussed online monitoring of welding process is based on ultrasonic, acoustic emission, force signals, current, torque and thermography. The cost of this monitoring system is very high because equipment required for measuring these signals cost more and highly complicated [18]. In this situation, vision system finds application in online monitoring process because of simple construction and low cost [33]. In FSW process, severe deformation of material occurs due to rotating action of tool. Thus the usage of sensors for process monitoring is not suitable because the severe action of rotating tool will damage the sensors. This problem can be overcome by using non-contact vision based monitoring system. The vision based monitoring technique is more flexible and simple in construction than sensor based monitoring techniques. Also, this technique does not require any modification in machine whereas above mentioned techniques needs some modification in machine for their installation.
The above discussed online monitoring of welding process is based on ultrasonic, acoustic emission, force signals, current, torque and thermography. The cost of this monitoring system is very high because equipment required for measuring these signals cost more and highly complicated [18]. In this situation, vision system finds application in online monitoring process because of simple construction and low cost [33]. In FSW process, severe deformation of material occurs due to rotating action of tool. Thus the usage of sensors for process monitoring is not suitable because the severe action of rotating tool will damage the sensors. This problem can be overcome by using non-contact vision based monitoring system. The vision based monitoring technique is more flexible and simple in construction than sensor based monitoring techniques. Also, this technique does not require any modification in machine whereas above mentioned techniques needs some modification in machine for their installation.
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