Responding to the rejection-of-intentions argument and struggling to refl ect the kind of experience described by Kelly are efforts to attribute intentions to artifacts,to discover and analyze ways in which artifacts may be said to have intentions or agency designed or embedded in them. Whenever humans experience problematic phenomena there are always at least two possible philosophical responses: argue that the phenomena are illusory or that there is more going on than has been previously appreciated. Although absent primary agency and intentions of the kind human beings possess, perhaps artifacts possess what might be termed secondary or imposed agency and intention. The story of this philosophical effort to think intentions in artifacts can be described in terms of three waves.