Work related: Social inclusion and employability are a continuing theme in the research literature and evidence base, mainly by helping people recover, from physical or mental breakdowns, or family crises, to find social networks and improve employability. Led by Edgar Cahn in the USA, time banks in Europe have begun to see themselves as engines of what he calls ‘co-production’. Time banking recognises that almost everybody has something that the community needs, even if it is simply providing a friendly voice over the phone. When professionals like doctors, teachers or police find it difficult to succeed without the active involvement of the community, then time banks can provide a way of redefining work so that it includes all this vital but unmarketable local effort – looking after older people, checking on people coming out of hospital, measuring and rewarding this effort. The importance of this is that the involvement of time banks in public services may also enable savings in public spending – which could be used, even indirectly, to pay for the time bank infrastructure. This is controversial and depends on how the savings are found.