Nonorganic signs (Waddell's signs)

Nonorganic signs (Waddell's signs) – Patients with psychologic distress that is contributing to back pain symptoms may have associated inappropriate physical signs, also known as "Waddell's signs" (table 7). These include patient overreaction during physical examination, superficial tenderness, straight leg raise that improves when the patient is distracted, unexplainable neurological deficits (eg, nondermatomal distribution of sensory loss, sudden giving way or jerky movements with motor exam, inconsistency in observed spontaneous activity [dressing, getting off table]), and pain elicited by axial loading (pressing down on top of head, or rotating the body at hips or shoulders) [41]. The presence of multiple Waddell's signs suggests a psychologic component to a patient's pain, although they do not seem to be useful for predicting the ability to return to work or success of rehabilitation [3.42.43].

結果 (繁體中文) 2:

非有機體體符號（瓦德爾的體征）–導致背部疼痛症狀的心理困擾患者可能有相關的不適當的身體體征，也稱為"瓦德爾的體征"（表7）。這些包括患者在體格檢查期間反應過度，表面壓痛，直腿抬起，當患者分心時改善，無法解釋的神經缺陷（例如，感覺損失的非皮膚分佈，突然讓路或運動檢查的劇烈運動，觀察到的自發活動（穿衣、下桌）不一致，以及軸向載荷引起的疼痛（壓在頭頂上，或在臀部或肩部旋轉身體）[41]。多個Waddell的跡象表明病人疼痛的心理成分，儘管它們似乎對預測重返工作崗位或康復成功的能力沒有用[3.42.43]。

結果 (繁體中文) 3:

非器質性體征（Waddell's signs）–導致背痛症狀的心理困擾患者可能伴有不適當的體征，也稱為“Waddell's signs”（錶7）。這些包括體檢時患者反應過度、淺錶觸痛、患者分心時改善的直腿抬高、無法解釋的神經功能缺陷（例如，感覺喪失的非熱分佈、運動檢查時的突然退讓或抽搐運動、觀察到的自發活動不一致[敷料，從桌子上下來）和軸向負荷引起的疼痛（壓在頭頂上，或在臀部或肩膀旋轉身體）[41]。多個Waddell症狀的出現暗示了患者疼痛的心理因素，儘管它們似乎對預測重返工作的能力或康復的成功沒有幫助[3.42.43]。