As shown in Figs. 2, 3a and 4a, the

As shown in Figs. 2, 3a and 4a, the thickness of subsoil was 30 cm. The subsoil and backfill soil were
produced by pluviating air-dried Silica No.7 sand (D50=0.25 mm; Uc=2.2) to obtain a relative density
about 90%. To capture the deformation of the backfill throughout the shaking tests, thin horizontal
layers with a width of about 0.5 cm of black-dyed Silica sand were placed at a vertical spacing of 10
cm immediately behind the front transparent glass window of sand box. In addition, a number of rivets
made of aluminum with a black circular flat edge were used as targets set in the backfill soil adjacent
to the transparent glass window at a horizontal spacing of 5 cm and a vertical spacing of 5 cm for the
purpose of measuring deformation of the backfill on plane strain condition. In order to ensure
permanent contact between the glass and the targets, thereby following the surrounding sand
movement, silicon grease was smeared between the targets and the glass.
After filling the sand, a surcharge of 1 kPa was applied by placing lead shots on the surface of the
backfill to simulate the weight of the road base for structures or traffic.

結果 (繁體中文) 1:

如圖 2、 3a、 4a 所示，地基土的厚度為 30 釐米。地基土和回填土了由 pluviating 風乾的 7 號矽砂 (D50 = 0.25 毫米;Uc = 2.2) 獲得相對密度約 90%。要捕獲整個振動試驗回填土的變形，薄水準寬度約 0.5 釐米的染黑矽砂層被置於 10 垂直間距緊跟其後的砂箱前的透明玻璃窗口釐米。此外，大量的鉚釘與黑色圓形平面邊緣被用作目標設置在回填土中連續的鋁制的在 5 釐米的水準間距和垂直間距為 5 釐米的透明玻璃窗口在平面應變條件下，土體變形測量的目的。為了確保玻璃和目標，從而後周圍的沙子的永久聯繫運動，矽油脂塗抹目標與玻璃之間。後灌砂，通過在表面上放置鉛鏡頭採用了 1 千帕斯卡的附加費回填土，類比基礎結構或交通公路的重量。

結果 (繁體中文) 2:

如圖。2，3a和4a，底土的厚度為30cm。底土和回填土壤中
以得到相對密度;可以通過pluviating風乾二氧化矽七號砂（UC = 2.2 D50 = 0.25mm）的生成
約90％。捕捉回填的整個振盪測試變形，薄的水平
與約0.5厘米的黑色染色矽砂的寬度的層被放置在10的垂直間隔
厘米立即砂箱的前透明玻璃窗口的後面。此外，多個鉚釘
用黑色圓形平坦的邊緣由鋁被用作鄰接在回填土壤設定目標
的透明玻璃窗，以5厘米的水平間距為5厘米的一個垂直間隔
測量的目的平面應變條件回填的變形。為了確保
玻璃與目標之間的永久接觸，由此以下周邊沙
運動，矽潤滑脂塗靶和玻璃之間。
填充砂後，1千帕的收費是通過將引線桿的表面上施加所述的
回填來模擬結構或交通道路鹼的重量計。