sending out warnings about it all the negative outcomes that will emerge if we don’t make fundamental changes to our behavior. Marks says we have focused attention on the problems, not on the solutions. “We’ve used fear,” says Marks, . . when we’re asking people to engage with our agenda around environmental degradation and climate change.” Marks feels that this strategy is ineffective because fear tends to produce a fight-or—flight response. When an animal is frightened, it freezes and then runs away. Similarly, when people are presented with frightening scenarios of the future, they also freeze and run away_Progress. He believes economists and statisticians have provided the dominant definition of progress, and that this is a problem. Their definition assumes that if economic growth and gross national product (GNP) go up, life is going to get better. It assumes that our ultimate goal in life is tomake more, earn more, and buy more.In 1968, Robert Kennedy gave an eloquent deconstruction of the concept of gross national product. He concluded his talk by stating that the gross national product “measures everything, in short, except that which makes life worthwhile.” Marks believes that if Kennedy were alive today, he would be asking statisticians to investigate what makes life worthwhile.