From the onset of the critical phase, the patient had tachycardia which persisted. He had satisfactory urine output initially, but his HCT continued to increase. At about 7 pm, a Dextran-40 colloid 500 ml bolus was given, but at midnight the urine output started dropping to a level of 35 ml/h. Thus, another bolus of 250 ml of dextran-40 was given. Meanwhile, the patient developed melaena, and 500 ml of whole blood was transfused. As the patient developed lactic acidosis, sodium bicarbonate infusion was given.