ObjectiveReducing Silicon content in molten iron is not only good for iron, also has greater benefits for steelmaking. According to multiple enterprise statistics, Silicon 0.1%, fuel ratio 4kg/t, production increased five and makes stable furnace conditions along the line. For steel-making, reduction of Silicon can greatly reduce the consumption of desiliconization reaction of lime and slag, improve the refining effect of steelmaking process; and with the reduced slag and steelmaking smelting time and productivity. Therefore, low Silicon smelting of iron and steel enterprises is necessary, is the important benefits of enterprise growth.Push all the blast furnace ironmaking plant of low Silicon smelting is the synchronized, each has different characteristics for blast furnace, the situation is not the same, some conditions of blast furnace itself well, blast furnace equipment itself is poor. Through mutual learning and mutual differences of blast furnace, blast furnaces with different degrees of progress.We blast since its May low Silicon smelting have obvious economic benefits, iron works as a whole average 19673 increased daily output from April to May of 20277 tons, basically stable in June at 20700 tons, of Silicon by more than 0.5% down to 0.413%, in June essentially stable at around 0.38%, furnace-grade decline in yield under the condition of progress, have obvious economic benefits. Steel-making molten iron production gradually reduced after the inclusion of the amount of scrap, alone will cost 10 million Yuan a month, plus benefits of fuel ratio, lower cost nearly 15 million a month, since the introduction of low Silicon smelting furnace condition remained stable, with the further improvement of furnace, the indicators are there is room for improvement.1.2 principles of low Silicon smelting: silicon heat, losing hot Silicon does not drop. To achieve low Silicon smelting, the hearth must have sufficient physical heat guarantee, hearth heat will damage the normal distribution of air flow, causing hearth disorders, fuel rate soared furnace along the line was broken. Furnace cooling is most causes of abnormal furnace condition, furnace cool to blast furnace brought harm is enormous. Therefore, low Silicon smelting hearth must pay attention to the heat only furnace heat energy, Silicon space, can blast furnaces to produce benefits.1.3 the benefits of low Silicon smelting: reducing Silicon content in molten iron is not only good for iron, also has greater benefits for steelmaking. According to multiple enterprise statistics, Silicon 0.1%, fuel ratio 4kg/t, production 0.5-0.7%, and conducive to stable furnace conditions along the line. For steel-making, reduction of Silicon can greatly reduce the consumption of desiliconization reaction of lime and slag, improve the refining effect of steelmaking process; and with the reduced slag and steelmaking smelting time and productivity. Therefore, low Silicon smelting of iron and steel enterprises is necessary, is the important benefits of enterprise growth.1.4 measures for low Silicon smeltingMeasures of low Silicon smelting:Strengthening the management of raw fuel into the furnace, blast furnace concentrate is the same topic, it is also necessary for blast furnace made good economic and technical indicators. Here by told of concentrate does not necessarily non-to into furnace grade how how high, coke quality how how good, non-to reached must of standard only is concentrate, because on currently for, steel enterprise most in profit or losses operation, upstream raw materials price drop below steel products drop, so, current steel enterprise has not too pursuit high of into furnace grade and had good of Coke quality, low cost strategy has became current steel enterprises of pursuit direction, how in original fuel conditions variable poor of situation Xia achieved BF stable Shun line, How to maximize benefits to be achieved in the enterprise. Blast furnace, strengthen raw material and fuel management is mainly in three aspects: a stable burden structure, stability and change in blast furnace operation is relative, change is absolute, but stability is our goal. Stability of raw materials is to ask the charging structure is relatively stable, not to frequent adjustments, because any changes in the raw material will affect the change of cohesive zone, particularly when material changes or significant changes in the same proportion greater impact, blast three disorders in late May and was a significant decline in the proportion of sinter pellets ratio increased significantly. Coke, coke factory steel procurement, miscellaneous, Stacker, there are still many problems, plus wing located in the South, frequent rain, humidity fluctuations, resulting in actual moisture of Coke fluctuates, blast-furnace fuel ratio fluctuates, coke now gradually plain and direct, and stability has been enhanced. Second is to strengthen screening management, reduce the powder into the furnace. High blast furnace raw material requirements, ripe, clean, stable, small, uniform, with net is the emphasis on screen powder, by strengthening under the screen, reduce the powder into the furnace, steel, lump ore, sieving difficult by increasing amplitude of vibration sieve, extended vibration time, timely replacement of check screen ensure maximum screening effect. Three is the raw material components are relatively stable. Currently, sintering mine components alkalinity fluctuations still larger, especially alkalinity fluctuations, to slag alkalinity balance brings is big problem, led charge structure adjustment frequently, BF stability have not to guarantee; II is material field in heap take Coke aspects also exists problem, although achieved has on entry Coke for tile, reduced has different manufacturers Coke brings of components and water fluctuations, but material field in to BF material warehouse Shang material aspects and no real achieved straight take, but for heap frequently, caused BF fuel than fluctuations larger, temperature to control. Material should be strengthened after heaping and taking the material aspects of learning and supervision actually provide relatively stable raw materials for blast furnace.Increased air temperature, reduce Coke consumption. Hot air is the cheapest source of energy, practice has proved that the air temperature each increased 100 ℃, the focal ratio decreased 10-20kg/t, production increased and, in addition, high temperature furnace high temperature area down, reduce the height reduction of silicon, which makes smelting low Silicon pig iron. Using high-temperature can be combined with fuel injection, high temperature to compensate for Jet fuel needed to heat and furnace along the line, at the same time, you can avoid air inlet area the theoretical combustion temperature is too high leads to formation of SiO, and ease the hearth temperature gradient in horizontal and vertical direction, conducive to stable furnace conditions along the line. Steel blast furnaces at present low air temperature, 7 small blast temperature level only about 1050-1130, of which 1 blast temperature of only 950 ° c, 7 blast temperature of 1050 ° c, but early temperature differences of up to 150 ℃, bring greater difficulties to blast furnace operation. Blast temperature significantly lower than the domestic advanced level of similar-type blast furnace, causing focal ratio is too high, bring some difficulties to Silicon. By optimizing furnace, improve operations, and stable gas consumption, increasing oxygen enriched air temperature increase, such as 20-30, equivalent to decreasing Coke ratio of 5kg/t.Set reasonable upper and lower parts of the operation system, improve gas utilization. On the blast furnace operation pay attention to live under stable, lower with high winds blew through the Center, loose upper right edge. For blast furnace, to ensure stability along the line to obtain better economic and technical indicators, needs two gas flow and edge away from the Center, to reach the Center air is plentiful, margins steady uniform. Overemphasize the Center or edges are one-sided, especially in small blast furnace, external conditions and volatile must ensure airflow on the basis of the loose edges of the Centre, otherwise the edge overweight easily slip even hanging, edge light and easy to create the conditions and volatile fuel rate rise. After making adjustments for several blast furnaces and several blast furnaces now basically stable, also has some improvements. Try to keep air in the ventilation systems such as length, diameter, outlet length should be not less than 5% of the hearth diameter edge uneven airflow first adjust air outlet diameter, then adjust the outlet length, for now, a factory blast furnace Tuyere modest adjustments, plant blast furnace Tuyere is obviously too short in length, damping down a chance to adjust.Increasing slag basicity, guarantees a certain amount of mg-Al ratio. Using reasonable slag is necessary for Silicon, maintenance of slag basicity on the low Silicon smelting with high advantage. Because with the increase of alkalinity, slag of CaO and SiO2 easily generate 3CaO.SiO2 and 2 CaO.SiO2 compounds, reduces the activity of slag in the dropping zone, inhibited the reduction of Silicon. In addition, as the alkalinity increases, increased physical heat of molten iron and slag desulfurization and reduced Silicon. Consider to Yong steel peripheral conditions fluctuations frequently, on furnace condition stable brings of adverse effect, II Yuan alkalinity should not be high, because high of alkalinity need high of heat, BF drop silicon process in the inevitable of will appeared lost hot phenomenon, and heat reduced brings of maximum against in slag liquidity and desulfurization effect variable poor, once peripheral conditions significantly changes transfers not timely, easy caused furnace cylinder work variable poor, to BF stable Shun line brings adverse effect. And appropriate improving MgO content in the slag, guarantee a certain amount of magnesium-aluminum, which can keep the slag desulfurization effect, improving slag fluidity, guarantee the quality of pig iron. From the perspective of current practice, mg-Al ratio should be maintained above 0.65, the ceiling not higher than 0.8% in order to avoid excessive caused rising costs and declining quality of the sinter MgO.Improving furnace top pressure. Top pressure increases, the gas velocity decreased, extended gas residence time in the furnace to improve gas utilization. While top pressure is raised, then it can inhibit the direct reduction of SiO2 (C+SiO2---SiO+CO2), reduction of SiO gas generation, to some extent, lower hot metal silicon. Steel before the small blast furnace top pressure is low, only about 140Kpa has now increased to 145-150KPa, can solve the low permeability of blast furnace grade variation problems, ensures stable into the furnace air flow, in part on Silicon reduction played a role. But in terms of top pressure uses, plant several blast furnaces ran into some problems, effects 4 blast furnace gas tightness box for low pressure, only 115Kpa, low over the same type of blast furnace plant three 30KPa above, this blast was forced to use longer air inlet reduce pressure, has had a certain impact on the edge of the blast furnace gas control. 5-7 service towards the end of a blast furnace, hot air system problems, the wind pressure limit less than 280KPa also had a certain influence on blast furnace with wind.Implementation of temperature trends in management. Temperature trend of blast furnace operation management is difficult. So-called trend of management are various factors that affect temperature (including the cause and effect of time), air condition, temperature changes of status and development direction of trends, movements and effects, comprehensive analysis and judgment, in accordance with the trend of temperature, adjust the heat levels in advance. Instead of taking the situation of temperature (now [Si] level) variable temperature, thus reducing the temperature fluctuations, less to early results. If it is not managed according to the temperature trend, just look at [Si] or hot metal temperature to adjust temperature, lags behind temperature changes will occur due to heating overdo temperature hot or sharp to cool in temperature caused by continuous reduction of heat, temperature fluctuations and volatility.1.5 practical problems in productionThe current [Si] or hot metal temperature reflects the results of heat balance the lead before, notwithstanding the judgment of temperature reference value, but you cannot adjust temperature according to. Because BF operation has hot inertia, temperature is with various factors of changes is evolution among, now temperature cool of stove may is to hot, also may continues to to cool, now furnace warm of stove may has in to cool, also may continues to to hot, if just in accordance with now temperature adjustable temperature, on may lag Yu temperature of development trend, and direction unknown to in adjustable temperature, often only will increased temperature of fluctuations. And on Yu Yonggang BF for, wind temperature level low, original fuel fluctuations big, coupled with South weather changes wet points changes big, foreman operation level by limited, workshop management not is in place, situation, caused temperature fluctuations larger, appeared had mountain car type of fluctuations, temperature low Shi, foreman reduction wind free and range partial big, temperature uplink trend Shi foreman added wind not timely, but according to out iron Shi actual temperature situation for adjustment, operation lag caused temperature sharply uplink; temperature high Shi, reduction coal time long, temperature trend has down Shi transfers not in place Is based on actual transfers the iron furnace, resulting in transfer delay, temperature drop more, and so forth, causing roller-coaster temperature fluctuations, created great difficulties for airflow stability in furnace, also bring adverse effects to indicators of progress. Foreman might be revised to abandon air temperature, wind all oxygen, reduce reduce air, once the temperature is too low or physical heat below the limit under Visual control of wind, air, there is an upward trend in time increases, to minimize the loss.Many factors affect the temperature, for example, into the furnace of raw material conditions, the air temperature grade, rain and snow, dispensing operation, furnace conditions along the line, and so on. For big of original fuel changes, like sintering mine proportion reduced, and large distribution eat landing mine, and health mine proportion increased,, easy caused Coke than increased, at to timely reduce load; for snow weather, coke water of changes to timely for adjustment, also due to air humidity increases, caused actual into furnace air increased, material speed speed up, at also should according to run material situation timely control oxygen volume, prevent Super ye strong caused temperature reduced. Foreman be ye strong ideas, running three shifts to stable for 8 hours, super great harm ye strong, easily caused a decline in temperature, cool in furnace caused by poorly controlled, so foreman speed to always pay attention when hours of operation, more than normal speed time to lighten the load and, if necessary, by controlling oxygen ye strong slow speed to ensure stability.Improve the level of foremen actions, fine operation. In order to achieve better economic and technical indicators, must be strengthened and refined action to quantify quantifiable things, reduce arbitrary actions. For a long time, steel foreman wind operation reduction as a means of controlling temperature, when temperature is low free to wind reduction, and reduced number of wind at will, there is no specific quantitative criteria,Strengthening equipment maintenance, reducing unplanned break wind and slow wind.
正在翻譯中..